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Surgery I > Surgical Asepsis > Flashcards

Surgical Asepsis Flashcards

1
Q

What is the average percentage of small animals that get SSI?

A

5%

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2
Q

What makes something an infection?

A

Invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissues

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3
Q

How many days is an infection considered a SSI?

A

30 day s

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4
Q

How many days post surgery is an infection considered a SSI if there was a surgical implant placed?

A

1 year

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5
Q

What are three groups of sterilization?

A

Chemical + Radiation + Heat

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6
Q

What type of object is the only one that can be sterile?

A

Inanimate

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7
Q

What do disinfectants do?

A

Destroy PATHOGENIC microbes on inanimate objects

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8
Q

Where are antiseptics used?

A

Living tissue

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9
Q

What is decontamination?

A

Cleaning and disinfecting/sterilizing process to make contaminated surface safe to handle

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10
Q

What are aseptic techniques applied to?

A

Whole hospital

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11
Q

What are aseptic techniques designed to do?

A

Protect patient + hospital personnel

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12
Q

What are the characteristics of aseptic techniques?

A

Reduces number of pathgens

Decreases risk of infection

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13
Q

What is another name for aseptic technique?

A

Clean technique

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14
Q

What are the characteristics of sterile technique?

A

Work in a sterile field

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15
Q

Where are surgical tables considered sterile?

A

At table height (top of table and slightly above it)

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16
Q

Where are gowns considered sterile?

A

Mid-chest to waist + fingertips to two inches above elbow

17
Q

What characteristic (just one mentioned) should the drapes covering the surgery table have?

A

Moisture proof

18
Q

What are the two major categories of microorganisms?

A

Exogenous + Endogenous

19
Q

Where do endogenous microogranisms come from?

A

Endogenous Sources

20
Q

What is the “reasonable” goal of sterility?

A

Impossible to remove ALL living organisms therefore just trying to reach a level that is minimally-detrimenal.

21
Q

What are the two most basic steps in instrument cleaning? What does each step do?

A

Hand cleaning = Large debris

Ultrasonic cleaning = Finer debris

22
Q

What are the two types of sterile wraps?

A

Woven and unwoven

23
Q

What is important to remember about packaging material?

A

It is meant for a specific type of sterile technique. If the wrong one is used you could increase the risk of SSI’s.

24
Q

What is the structure of cloth wraps?

A

140 thread count muslin cloth

25
Q

What must you do with cloth wraps?

A

Double wrap because it is more porous

26
Q

What are non-woven clothes made from?

A

Polyester fibers

Better protection

27
Q

Do you need to do double wraps with non-woven cloth?

A

it is still advised

28
Q

What does ideal wrapping allow for?

A

Steam + Gas penetration during sterilization process

Impermeable to microbes

29
Q

Why is strike-through bad with surgical packs?

A

Can pull bacteria into surgical pack even though it was never opened

30
Q

What are the three major determinants of an infection?

A

Type of pathogen
Local wound environment
Host defense

31
Q

What is the goal of aseptic surgery?

A

Reduce level of wound contamination to one that the patients body can control

32
Q

At what point will an infection develop?

A

> 10^6 bacteria per gram of tissue

33
Q

What happens w/ infection rate and a highly virulent bacteria?

A

Need less per gram of tissue to cause a problem

34
Q

What are the factors that could lead to SSI?

A 
Duration of Surgery 
Type of surgical procedure 
Host defense 
Source of bacteria 
Virulence
35
Q

How much does the infection rate go up per hour of surgery?

A

It doubles

36
Q

What is the time frame for a fresh traumatic wound?

A
37
Q

What is the time frame for a traumatic wound?

A

> 4 hours

Surgery I (17 decks)

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