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Perio lectures > Surgical Anatomy Lecture > Flashcards

Surgical Anatomy Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

Periodontitis

A

Inflammation
• Characterized by loss of clinical attachment
– Destruction of PDL and bone

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2
Q

Principal Gingival Fiber Groups

A 
Dentogingival
• Circular
• Dentoperiosteal
• Alveologingival
• Transeptal
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3
Q

Layers of epithelium

A

– Stratum corneum
– Stratum granulosum
– Stratum spinosum
– Stratum basale

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4
Q

Sulcular Epithelium

A 
Non-keratinized
– Gingival crest to
junctional epithelium
– More permeable to
bacteria
– 3 Layers: stratum basale,
stratum spinosum,
superficial layer
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5
Q

Junctional epithelium

A 
– Non-keratinized
– 2 cell layers
• Stratum basale
• Stratum spinosum
– Large intercellular
spaces
– High renewal rate
– First barrier to cell
bacterial penetration
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6
Q

Biologic Width

A 
• Junctional epithelium
– 0.97mm
• Connective tissue
– 1.07mm
• Total biologic width
– 2.04mm
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7
Q

Biologic Complex

A

Biologic width plus
– Includes sulcus depth of
.69mm

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8
Q

Connective Tissue Layers

A

Papillary layer

• Reticular layer

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9
Q

Connective Tissue Composition

A 
– 60% Collagen
– Ground substance
• proteoglycans,
glycosaminoglycans,
glycoproteins
– Cells
• fibroblasts, lymphocytes,
PMNs, plasma cells
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10
Q

Cementum Types

A 
– Acellular- coronal 2/3
– Acellular extrinsic fiber
cementum provides
predominant support for
tooth
• Apical 1/3 is cellular
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11
Q

Goals of Periodontitis Tx

A

Health
Comfort
Function
Esthetics

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12
Q

Types of periods tx

A

Non Surgical

Surgical

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13
Q

Non surgical therapy

A

ScRp

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14
Q

Surgical Perio Therapy types

A 
Pocket Elimination
Regeneration
Implants
Functional Crown Lengthening
Ridge Preservation
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15
Q

Masticatory Mucosa

A

Gingival

Palatal

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16
Q

Alveolar Mucosa

A

Buccal
Floor of the Mouth
Inferior Tongue

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17
Q

Specialized Mucosa

A

Dorsum of tongue

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18
Q

Histology of Masticatory Mucosa

A

Ortho/parakeratinized

Prominent Rete Ridges

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19
Q

Alveolar Mucosa

A

Floor of the mouth, bucal, vestibules
Non Keratinized
Indistinct rete Ridges

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20
Q

Specialized Mucosa

A

Papillae
Tast buds
on dorm of tongue

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21
Q

Attached Gingiva in Facial

A 
Variable range 1-9mm
Max
-widest in ant, narrowest in posterior
Man
widest in anterior, narrowest in canine/premolar
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22
Q

Lingual attached gingiva

A

1-8 mm
narrowest in anterior, wider posteriorly
(man)

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23
Q

Papillae

A

Interdental Tissue

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24
Q

Gingival Col

A

Connects facial and lingual papillae

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25
Q

Keratinized Tissue Thickness

A

Free Gingiva 1.56 mm
Attached Gingiva…1.25mm
Overall 1.41 mm

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26
Q

Thin Biotype

A

Thinner gingival tissues
more ovoid tooth form
propensity of tissues for recession

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27
Q

Thick Biotype

A

Thick gingival tissues

more square shaped form

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28
Q

Main artery for periods blood flow

A

Ext Carotid

29
Q

Branches of Ext Carotid

A

Maxillary Artery
Facial Artery
Lingual Artery

30
Q

Maxillary Artery

A

Inferior Alveolar
Descending Palatine
PSA
Infraorbital

31
Q

Facial Artery Branch

A

Submental

32
Q

Lingual Artery Branches

A

Sublingual

Deep Lingual

33
Q

Max Vasculature

A

Post Superior Alveolar ArteryInfraorbital
Greater Palatine
Naso Palatine

34
Q

Posterior Superior Alveolar Artery

A

Supplies Max Bone, Teeth, and facial Soft tissues

35
Q

Infraorbital Artery

A

Supplies ant mucosa

36
Q

Greater palatine Artery

A

Supplies palatal Soft Tissue

Poses a sig risk in palatal per surgical procedures

37
Q

Nasopalatine Artery

A

Emerges from incisive canal at max midline
anastomoses with greater palatine artery
May present obstacle to flap reflection

38
Q

Man Vasculature

A

Inferior alveolar artery
mental artery
Facial mucosa from submental
lingual mucosa from sublingual

39
Q

IA artery

A

Supplies Man bone, dental arteries, and soft tissue in mandible

40
Q

Mental artery

A

Cont of IA artery
exits mental foramen
can have ant loop

41
Q

Facial Artery Sig

A

Position should be counted for prior to flap reflection, or block harvest

42
Q

Submental artery

A

Supplies surrounding facial muscles
floor of mouth
skin in submental area

43
Q

Sublingual artery

A

Suppliestongue

lingual of ant mandible

44
Q

Blood supply to gingiva and mucosa

A

Anastamoses from
PDL
Bone
Periosteum

45
Q

Periodontal Innervation

A

Trigeminal Nerve

46
Q

Max innervation

A

V2

47
Q

V2 branches

A 
•Zygomatic
•Pterygopalatine
•Greater palatine
•Posterior superior alveolar
•Infraorbital
–Middle superior alveolar
–Anterior superior alveolar
•Nasopalatine
48
Q

Man innervation

A

V3

49
Q

V3 Branches

A

–Inferior alveolar
–Lingual
–Long buccal
–Mental

50
Q

Lingual Nerve

A

Ant 2/3 of tongue (sensory)

51
Q

Buccinator

A

–Origin: Outer surface of the alveolar process of maxilla and mandible
–Insertion: Fibers of the orbicularis oris

52
Q

Mylohyoid

A

–Origin: Midline raphe

–Insertion: Forms ridge of mandible

53
Q

Genioglossus

A

–Origin: Genial tubercles

–Insertion: Tongue

54
Q

Mentalis

A

–Origin: Mandibular symphysis

–Insertion: Connective tissue of chin

55
Q

Mailla

A 
2nd larges bone of the face
•Four processes
A.Palatine
B.Zygomatic
C.Alveolar
D.Frontal
56
Q

Maxillary tuberosity

A

–Size and thickness are important

–Length will influence flap design for distal wedge

57
Q

Palatal Tubercles

A 
•Prevalence
–56%
•Location
–57% directly lateral to Greater Palatine Foramen
•Factors
–Male > Female
–Dentate > Edentulous
–Young > Old
58
Q

Max Sinus

A

•33x33x23mm
•Total volume
–15 cc

59
Q

Maxillary sinus septae

A

–28% 1 or more septa

–3.5mm average height

60
Q

•Anterior nasal spine

A

–Possible source of autogenousbone for grafting

61
Q

•Palatine vault

A
  • High: 17mm
  • Average: 12mm
  • Shallow: 7mm
62
Q

Man Ramus

A

–Site of autogenousbone grafts

–Limitations: Proximity may prevent adequate room for access, distal wedge procedures

63
Q

Ext Oblique Ridge

A

–Attachment for buccinator, source of autogenousbone

–Limitations: If prominent may make crown lengthening challenging

64
Q

•Mental foramen

A

–Point of exit for mental nerve

–Apical to second premolar 63% of the time

65
Q

•Mandibular symphysis

A

–Thickness critical for harvesting autogenousbone

–Thin symphysiscontraindicated for harvesting

66
Q

•Lingula

A

–Entrance of IAN

–Target for IAN block

67
Q

•Submandibular fossa

A

–Location of submandibular gland

–Prominence of mylohyoidridge may hinder flap reflection

68
Q

•Supporting Bone

A

–Dense outer layer of bone into which periosteumand PDL attach

69
Q

Non-supporting bone

A

(Trabecular or medullary)

–Inner layer, less dense and more vascular

Perio lectures (10 decks)

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