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SECOND YEAR > Surgery - Shock > Flashcards

Surgery - Shock Flashcards

1
Q

Phase of shock where there are VASOCONSTRICTION, FLUID SHIFT TO ECF, and SALT AND H2O CONSERVATION

Compensated
Decompensated
Irreversible

A

Compensated

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2
Q

PHASE OF SHOCK with ongoing tissue injury and continued hypoperfusion; can be reversed with proper resuscitation

Compensated
Decompensated
Irreversible

A

Decompensated

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3
Q

PHASE OF SHOCK with persistent hypoperfusion and fluid resuscitation; vasopressors fail to maintain adequate BP

Compensated
Decompensated
Irreversible

A

Irreversible

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4
Q

TYPE OF SHOCK: Cause is significant and sudden blood and fluid loss

Hemorrhagic
Cardiogenic
Septic
Neurogenic
Obstructive
A

Hemorrhagic

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5
Q

TYPE OF SHOCK: Most common cause of shock in the surgical or trauma patient

Hemorrhagic
Cardiogenic
Septic
Neurogenic
Obstructive
A

Hemorrhagic

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6
Q

TYPE OF SHOCK: Signs are agitation, pallor, cold clammy extremities, tachycardia, weak or absent peripheral pulse

Hemorrhagic
Cardiogenic
Septic
Neurogenic
Obstructive
A

Hemorrhagic

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7
Q

At what percentage of blood loss will the signs for HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK be apparent?

A

25-30% blood loss

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8
Q

Treatment for HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK

A

Secure airway
Control bleeding
IV volume resuscitation

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9
Q

TYPE OF HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK: less than or equal to 100mL blood loss

Compensated
Mild
Moderate
Severe

A

Compensated

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10
Q

TYPE OF HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK: 1000-1500mL blood loss

Compensated
Mild
Moderate
Severe

A

Mild

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11
Q

TYPE OF HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK: 1500-2000mL blood loss

Compensated
Mild
Moderate
Severe

A

Moderate

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12
Q

TYPE OF HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK: > 2000

Compensated
Mild
Moderate
Severe

A

Severe

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13
Q

TYPE OF HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK: < 100 heart rate

Compensated
Mild
Moderate
Severe

A

Compensated

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14
Q

TYPE OF HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK: > 100 heart rate

Compensated
Mild
Moderate
Severe

A

Mild

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15
Q

TYPE OF HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK: > 120 heart rate

Compensated
Mild
Moderate
Severe

A

Moderate

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16
Q

TYPE OF HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK: > 140 heart rate

Compensated
Mild
Moderate
Severe

A

Severe

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17
Q

TYPE OF HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK: orthostatic changes in BP

Compensated
Mild
Moderate
Severe

A

Mild

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18
Q

TYPE OF HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK: marked full BP

Compensated
Mild
Moderate
Severe

A

Moderate

19
Q

TYPE OF HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK: Profound full bp

Compensated
Mild
Moderate
Severe

A

Severe

20
Q

TYPE OF HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK: moderate tachypnea

Compensated
Mild
Moderate
Severe

A

Moderate

21
Q

TYPE OF HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK: marked tachypnea

Compensated
Mild
Moderate
Severe

A

Severe

22
Q

TYPE OF HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK: anuria

Compensated
Mild
Moderate
Severe

A

Severe

23
Q

TYPE OF HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK: Anxious

Compensated
Mild
Moderate
Severe

A

Mild

24
Q

TYPE OF HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK: Confused

Compensated
Mild
Moderate
Severe

A

Moderate

25
Q

TYPE OF HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK: lethargic

Compensated
Mild
Moderate
Severe

A

Severe

26
Q

TYPE OF SHOCK: cause is extensive myocardial infarction

Hemorrhagic
Cardiogenic
Septic
Neurogenic
Obstructive
A

Cardiogenic

27
Q

Criteria for cardiogenic shock

A

Sustained hypotension
Reduced cardiac index
Elevated pulmonary artery wedge pressure

28
Q

TYPE OF SHOCK: signs are hypotension, cool mottled skin, depressed mental status, tachycardia, diminished pulse

Hemorrhagic
Cardiogenic
Septic
Neurogenic
Obstructive
A

Cardiogenic

29
Q

Cardiogenic shock treatment: fxn of dobutamine

A

Stimulate beta1 receptors and increase cardiac output

30
Q

Cardiogenic shock treatment: fxn of dopamine

A

Stimulate alpha1 receptor -> vasoconstriction

31
Q

Cardiogenic shock treatment used for patients unresponsive to other treatments

A

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors Amrinone and Milrinone

32
Q

TYPE OF SHOCK: final common pathway for profound and prolonged shock of any etiology

Hemorrhagic
Cardiogenic
Septic
Neurogenic
Obstructive
A

Septic

33
Q

TYPE OF SHOCK: failure of vascular smooth muscle to constrict appropriately

Hemorrhagic
Cardiogenic
Septic
Neurogenic
Obstructive
A

Septic

34
Q

Most likely cause of sepsis in neonates

A

Group B strep
E. coli bearing a pathogenic K1 capsule
Klebsiella spp
Enterobacter spp

35
Q

TYPE OF SHOCK: Signs are enhanced cardiac output, peripheral vasodilation, fever, hyperglycemia, tachycardia, confusion, malaise, oliguria, hypotension

Hemorrhagic
Cardiogenic
Septic
Neurogenic
Obstructive
A

Septic

36
Q

Systemic inflammatory response to infection

A

Sepsis

37
Q

Sepsis with 1 or more dysfunctional organ system

A

Severe sepsis

38
Q

TYPE OF SHOCK: diminished tissue perfusion as a result of loss of vasomotor tone of peripheral arterial beds

Hemorrhagic
Cardiogenic
Septic
Neurogenic
Obstructive
A

Neurogenic

39
Q

Neurogenic shock can be secondary to spinal cord injury from vertebral body fracture of the low thoracic and sacral region. True or false?

A

False

Fracture should be of the CERVICAL OR HIGH THORACIC

40
Q

TYPE OF SHOCK: Signs are bradycardia, hypotension, cardiac dysrhythmia, decreased CO, decreased peripheral vascular resistance, warm extremities, motor and sensory deficit

Hemorrhagic
Cardiogenic
Septic
Neurogenic
Obstructive
A

Neurogenic

41
Q

TYPE OF SHOCK: mechanical obstruction of venous return

Hemorrhagic
Cardiogenic
Septic
Neurogenic
Obstructive
A

Obstructive

42
Q

TYPE OF SHOCK: most commonly due to presence of tension pneumothorax

Hemorrhagic
Cardiogenic
Septic
Neurogenic
Obstructive
A

Obstructive

43
Q

TYPE OF SHOCK: signs are respiratory distress, hypotension, diminished breath sounds, hyperresonance to percussion, jugular vein distention

Hemorrhagic
Cardiogenic
Septic
Neurogenic
Obstructive
A

Obstructive

44
Q

Treatment for obstructive shock: thoractomy should be inserted at 5th ICS AAL. True or false?

A

False

4th ICS AAL

SECOND YEAR (3 decks)

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