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Surgery > Surgery MSK > Flashcards

Surgery MSK Flashcards

0
Q

What is Becker’s Muscular Dystrophy vs Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

A

Beckers = Insufficient dystrophin due to gene mutation Duchenne = no dystrophin

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1
Q

Inheritance pattern of Beckers muscular dystrophy

A

X-linked

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2
Q

Axial traction on elbow causes?

A

Nursemaids elbow

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3
Q

how to tx nursemaids elbow

A

hyperpronation or….

supination plus flexion

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4
Q

Tennis Elbow

A

Lateral Epicondylitis with repetitive contraction of extensor muscles

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5
Q

Golfer Elbow

A

Medial Epicondylitis - tenderness over medial epicondyle with wrist flexion

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6
Q

Panner disease

A

Osteochondrosis of capitellum

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7
Q

unclers from venous insufficiency occur where

A

medial malleolus

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8
Q

medial malleolus ulcers caused by what

A

venous insufficiency (venous valve incompetence)

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9
Q

What causes diabetic foot ulcers

A
  1. peripheral neuropathy
  2. microvascular insufficiency
  3. immunosuppression
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10
Q

Pain between 3rd and 4th toes

A

Morton Neuroma

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11
Q

Hypermetabolic phase (post burn phase )

A

increases in catecholamines and cortisol

because muscle degradation is used for metabolism

associated with elevated Cardiac Output

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12
Q

Planta fasciitis

A

burning pain on plantar side of foot. Pain decreases with activity. Common with runners

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13
Q

MC rotator cuff injured muscle

A

supraspinatus

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14
Q

Rotator Cuff Muscles

A

SITS:

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

Teres Minor

Subscapularis

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15
Q

Fall on outstretched hand may tear what

What about Fall on outstretched hand in old lady

What about Fall on outstretched hand in young kid

A

rotator cuff

old lady = Colle’s fracture (distal radius displaced)

young kid = scaphoid fracture

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16
Q

winged scapula

A

Long thoracic nerve cut to serratus anterior muscle

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17
Q

what is drop arm test

A

may detect rotator cuff tear

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18
Q

Popeye sign

A

weakness with supination with intact forearm flexion denotes

long head of biceps rupture

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19
Q

Klumpkes Palsy

A

from sudden upward pulling on the arm

usually ulnar nerve

weakness and atrophy of hypothenar and interosseous muscles

“claw hand deformity”

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20
Q

Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome

A

compression of tibial nerver. usually from fracture of ankle bones. May radiate up to calf

21
Q

Tenosynovitis

A

inflammation of tendon and synovial sheath. from overuse or puncture wound/bite. Pain with flexion/extension

22
Q

sprain treatment

A

RICE

Rest, ice, compression, elevation

23
Q

non-displaced scaphoid fracture

A

immobilization 6 weeks

24
Q

fracture of what metatarsal requires a cast

A

5th metatarsal (Jones fracture)

25
Q

what nerve supplies anterior thigh

A

femoral nerve

26
Q

what nerve supplies posterior thigh

A

tibial nerve

27
Q

what nerve supplies plantar flexion of foot

A

TipPed

Tibial inverts and plantar flexes

Peroneal everts and dorsiflexes

28
Q

what nerve innervates medial upper thigh

A

obturator nerve

29
Q

Thigh innervation

A
30
Q

midshaft humerus what nerve

A

radial nerve damage (poor extension of hand) or

ulnar nerve damage (resulting claw hand)

31
Q

McMurray Test positive in

A

torn meniscus

McMurray = M M = Medial Meniscus

32
Q

ACL vs. Meniscus

A

ACL = immediate swelling and inability to bear weight

Meniscus = swelling the next day but can bear weight

33
Q

Anserine bursitis

A

tenderness over medial knee

34
Q

ACL tear positive tests

A

Lachman

Anterior Droor

Pivot shift

35
Q

Valgus stress test positive in

A

MCL tear

36
Q

Varus Stress test positive in

A

LCL tear

37
Q

Trendelenberg sign muscles

A

gluteus muscle

38
Q

gluteus medius and minimus innervated by

A

superior gluteal nerver

39
Q

tensor fascia lata does what

A

hib abduction and maintenance of knee extension

40
Q

quadratus lumborum does what

A

rib cage fixation and lateral flexion of trunk

41
Q

quadriceps femoris (4 muscles) does what

which one acts as hip flexor

A

leg extension

(rectus femoris = hip flexor)

42
Q

Anterior Dislocation holds arm in what way

A

abducted and externally rotated

43
Q

Dislocation from a seizure

A

posterior dislocation

44
Q

Posterior dislocation description

A

adducted with internal rotation and humeral head light bulb sign

45
Q

Avascular Necrosis on x-ray

A

alternating regions of lucency and density reflect replacement of necrotic bone with new bone.

46
Q

Avascular Necrosis of the femoral captial epiphysis

A

Legg-Calve-Perthes dz

47
Q

thigh atrophy and antalgic gait with decreased hip range of motion

A

Legg-calve-perthes disease

48
Q

Worry about entrapment of what

A

Supracondylar Fracture of Humerus

Entrapment of Brachial Artery or Median Nerve

49
Q

What dis?

A

Volkman Contracture from obstruction on the brachial artery near the elbow, possibly from improper use of a tourniquet, improper use of a plaster cast, orcompartment syndrome.

ischaemia/necrosis of the muscle fibres of the flexor group of muscles of the forearm, especially M. flexor digitorum profundus and M. flexor pollicis longus which becomes fibrotic and short.

50
Q

Cubitus Varus SE of what?

A

supracondylar fracture

Surgery (17 decks)

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