Surgery And Anatomy Flashcards
MA: what did Hugh of Lucca and Theodoric discover?
•Wine cleaned wounds (used as an antiseptic)
•pus was bad= infection
MA: What did John of Aderne discover?
•opium and hemlock as anaesthetic
•guild of surgeons
•treatment for the abscess of the bottom
•book practice
MA: what were barber surgeons?
Learnt by apprenticeship and used techniques such as cauterisation and blood letting
Why were medical school important in the Middle Ages for surgery and anatomy?
They were allowed to dissect one body a year to illustrate Galen’s work
MA: what were Albucasis’s discoveries?
•Al Tasrif
•ligatures
•cauterisation
•26 surgical instruments
MA: why was Frugadi important?
•practice of surgery
•warn against trepanning
•operation on chest
•hall bladder removal
MA: why did mondino the Luzzi regress ideas about anatomy?
In his book Anathomia he wrote about dissections based on Galen’s anatomy
R: why were Vesalius’s discoveries important?
•on the fabric of the human body
•modern anatomy
•dissections disproved Galen e.g jawbone was made of 1 bone + no holes in septum
•Galen made over 200 mistakes
R: why was pare important in improving surgery?
•ointment
•ligatures
•prosthetic limbs
•disproved the bezoar stone
•invented crows beak clamp to stop bleeding
R: what were Harvey’s discoveries?
•set volume of blood so disproved that it was used up as fuel and made by the liver
•heart pumps blood
•valves in veins
•on the motion of the Heart
R:Why was war important in surgery and anatomy ?
Pare’s ointment was used and new techniques could be tested and proved
Why was a decline in the church’s power important to improving surgery and anatomy?
People were allowed to finally challenge Galen and do dissections
19th: problems in surgery
•pain
•infection
•blood loss
19th: who discovered nitrous oxide
Humphrey Davy
19th: what did Simpson discover
Chloroform, which was effective in childbirth (proved by Queen Victoria)
