SURGERY 2

Question 1

FACTORS AFFECTING THE DEGREE OF SURGICAL RISK OF PATIENTS

Answer 1

 Physical and Mental Condition
 Nutritional Status
 Fluid and electrolyte balance
 General history of the patient
 Use of drugs
 Occupational status
 Mental outlook

Question 2

OTHER FACTORS THAT COULD AFFECT THE DEGREE OF SURGICAL RISK

 Age:

Answer 2

o They generally have increased sensitivity to stress, effects
of anesthesia and other drugs
o Often dehydrated/malnourished
o More prone to fluid and electrolyte imbalance

Question 3

MAJOR EFFECTS OF SURGERY

Answer 3

Stress response
Body image disturbance
Lifestyle change

Question 4

Pre-operative Assessment INCLUDES:

Answer 4

 Cultural and religious preferences
 Allergies
 Level of anxiety
 Medications and substance abuse
 Medical History

Question 5

The 3 levels of pre operative teachings:

Answer 5

Information
Psychosocial Support
Skill Training

Question 6

PHYSICAL PREPARATIONS ON THE EVE OF SURGERY

Answer 6

Skin Preparation
Bowel Preparation
Preparing for Anesthesia

Question 7

PHYSICAL PREPARATIONS ON THE DAY OF SURGERY

Answer 7

Early Morning Care
Pre Operative Medications
Transportation to OR

Question 8

Pre-operative medications are given at least **
minutes before the induction of anesthesia

Answer 8

45

Question 9

Pre Operative medications are given for what purposes:

Answer 9

 Decrease amount of anesthesia needed
 Decrease secretion of saliva and gastric juices
 To prevent nausea and vomiting
 Decrease anxiety and provide sedation

Question 10

Some of the medications that are given pre- operatively are:

Answer 10

 Anticholinergics (scopolamine, atrophine
sulfate)
 Antianxiety (Diazepam, Midazolam)
 H2 Receptor antagonist (cimetidine, ranitidine)
 Narcotics (meperidine, morphine)
 Sedatives (Pentobarbital sodium)
 Tranquilizers (promethaxine HCl)

Question 11

When transporting a patient to the OR, the nurse
should:

Answer 11

 Check the identity of the patient
 Verify surgical procedure, site and surgeon
 Check for consent
 Accomplish the OR checklist

Question 12

TYPES OF CONSENT

Answer 12

General Consent
Informed Consent

Question 13

Components of a consent:

Answer 13

o Patient’s full legal name
o Surgeon’s name
o Specific procedures to be performed
o Signature of the patient, next of kin, legal guardian
o Witnesses
o Date

Question 14

Who are qualified to give consent:

Answer 14

o Those of legal age
o Those of sound mind (during their lucid interval)