SURGERY

Question 1

branch of medicine concerned with the treatment of diseases, injury
and deformity by operation or manipulation

Answer 1

Surgery

Question 2

the branch of medicine dealing with manual and operative procedures
for correction of deformities and defects, repair of injuries and
diagnosis and cure of certain diseases

Answer 2

Surgery

Question 3

refers to any procedure that involves entry into the human body
usually performed through the use of instruments

Answer 3

Surgery

Question 4

Begins when the decision for surgery is made and ends when
the patient is transferred to the operating room bed

Answer 4

Pre operative

Question 5

Begins when the patient is transferred to the OR table and
ends upon admission to the post-anesthesia care unit

Answer 5

Intraoperative

Question 6

Begins when the patient is transferred to PACU or Recovery
Room onwards

Answer 6

Post Operative

Question 7

Rupture of an organ, artery or bleb (blister)

Answer 7

Perforation

Question 8

Impairment of the flow of vital body fluids (tubes, arteries, ventricles, sinuses, ducts)

Answer 8

Obstruction

Question 9

Common causes of obstruction:

Answer 9

Vasoconstriction
Foreign bodies
Asphyxia
Tumor

Question 10

Wearing off of a surface of membrane or surface of a tissue

Answer 10

Erosion

Question 11

Result of erosion:

Answer 11

Infection
Continuous physical irritation
Ulceration/Inflammation

Question 12

Refers to abnormal growth of tissue that form mass without
physiological function within the body which may either be
benign or malignant

Answer 12

Tumor

Question 13

removal of an organ/gland

Answer 13

ectomy

Question 14

repair of a body part

Answer 14

orrhapy

Question 15

creation of permanent or temporary opening

Answer 15

ostomy

Question 16

cutting into a tisuue

Answer 16

otomy

Question 17

repair/reconstruction

Answer 17

plasty

Question 18

to look or visualize into something

Answer 18

oscopy

Question 19

to loosen, separate, breakdown

Answer 19

lysis

Question 20

MAJOR CATEGORIES OF SURGICAL PROCEDURES
I. ACCORDING TO PURPOSE

Answer 20

Curative
Restorative
Ablative
Palliative
Preventive
Cosmetic improvement
Exploratory
Diagnostic

Question 21

performed to help the physician in determining the
cause of the symptom experience of a particular patient (i.e. biopsy)

Answer 21

diagnostic

Question 22

refers to partial or complete
restoration of a damaged organ or body part

Answer 22

restorative

Question 23

performed for aesthetic purposes

Answer 23

cosmetic improvement

Question 24

performed to remove diseased organ

Answer 24

ablative

Question 25

used to remove tissue that does not contain
cancerous cells, but may develop into a malignant tumor

Answer 25

preventive

Question 26

performed to estimate the extent of disease and
confirm the diagnosis of a particular patient

Answer 26

Exploratory

Question 27

performed to remove diseased, damaged or
congenitally malformed body organ/part

Answer 27

curative

Question 28

performed not to cure a patient from a disease but
to alleviate signs and symptoms

Answer 28

palliative

Question 29

II. ACCORDING TO URGENCY

Answer 29

Imperative/urgent
Planned Required Surgery
Emergency (unplanned surgery)
Elective

Question 30

III. ACCORDING TO EXTENT
a. Minor Surgery

Answer 30

 Present little risk to life
 Leads to few serious complication
 Uses local anesthesia
 No vital organs involved
 Generally not prolonged

Question 31

III. ACCORDING TO EXTENT
b. Major Surgery

Answer 31

 Higher risk of post-operative complications
 Involves high risk for patients
 Large amount of blood may be lost
 Prolonged period of time in OR table