SURGERY

Question 1

Which nerve is most commonly injured with a humeral shaft fracture?

What is the clinical presentation of this?

Answer 1

RADIAL

loss of sensation over dorsal first web space and weakness in wrist extension

Question 2

In which patient group is a supracondylar fracture almost exclusively seen in?

Answer 2

Paediatric

Question 3

What is particularly important to assess with a supracondylar fracture?

Answer 3

neurovascular status, due to close proximity with nerves and vessels in antecubital fossa

Question 4

How are most supracondylar fractures managed?

Answer 4

K WIRE FIXATION

Question 5

What is the most common fracture of the elbow?

Answer 5

radial head fracture

Question 6

1. Describe Colles fracture

2. What is the most common Mechanism of Injury?

Answer 6

1. extra-articular fracture of the distal radius with dorsal angulation and displacement
2. FOOSH with forced supination (fall forwards)

Question 7

1. Describe Smith’s Fracture

2. What is the most common Mechanism of Injury?

Answer 7

1. extra-articular fracture of the distal radius with volar angulation

2 FOOSH (backwards) with forced pronation

Question 8

Describe Barton’s Fracture

Answer 8

intra-articular fracture with associated radiocarpal dislocation

Question 9

1. Describe Bennet’s Fracture

2. How are these fractures commonly sustained?

Answer 9

1. intra-articular fracture at base of thumb

2. punches

Question 10

Describe Montaggia fracture

Answer 10

ulnar fracture with associated proximal radioulnar dislocation

Question 11

Describe Galeazzi Fracture

Answer 11

radial shaft fracture with associated distal radioulnar dislocation

Question 12

A patient has a tibial shaft fracture. They are in significant pain, which is worse on passive stretching of the toes.
What complication do you need to consider?

Answer 12

Compartment syndrome

Question 13

Which side of the tibial plateau is more susceptible to fracture?

Answer 13

lateral

Question 14

Which imaging modality is most useful in tibial plateau fractures

Answer 14

CT

Question 15

What classification is used for tibial plateau fractures

Answer 15

Schatzker

Question 16

Describe the level of the fracture using the Weber Classification

Answer 16

A - below syndesmosis
B - at level of syndesmosis
C - above syndesmosis

Question 17

Which of the Weber classification is more unstable

Answer 17

Weber C

Question 18

Which of the talar bones is most commonly fractured?

Answer 18

calcaneus

Question 19

Which talar bone is at risk of AVN when fractured?

Answer 19

talus

Question 20

Name the three types of NOF fracture

Answer 20

intracapsular
intratrochanteric (extracapsular)
subtrochanteric (extracapsular)

Question 21

Describe the Garden Classification of NOF

Answer 21

I incomplete fracture
II complete fracture; no displacement
III complete fracture; partial displacement
IV complete fracture with full displacement

Question 22

How are the following NOFs managed

1. displaced intracapsular
2. Intertrochanteric
3. subtrochanteric
4. Garden I and II

Answer 22

1. arthroplasty - hemiarthroplasty or total hip replacement depending on patient co-morbidities
2. dynamic hip screw
3. intramedullary nail
4. cannulated hip screws

Question 23

Which nerve is most commonly affected by femoral shaft fractures?

Answer 23

pudendal