SURGERY Flashcards
Which nerve is most commonly injured with a humeral shaft fracture?
What is the clinical presentation of this?
RADIAL
loss of sensation over dorsal first web space and weakness in wrist extension
In which patient group is a supracondylar fracture almost exclusively seen in?
Paediatric
What is particularly important to assess with a supracondylar fracture?
neurovascular status, due to close proximity with nerves and vessels in antecubital fossa
How are most supracondylar fractures managed?
K WIRE FIXATION
What is the most common fracture of the elbow?
radial head fracture
- Describe Colles fracture
2. What is the most common Mechanism of Injury?
- extra-articular fracture of the distal radius with dorsal angulation and displacement
- FOOSH with forced supination (fall forwards)
- Describe Smith’s Fracture
2. What is the most common Mechanism of Injury?
- extra-articular fracture of the distal radius with volar angulation
2 FOOSH (backwards) with forced pronation
Describe Barton’s Fracture
intra-articular fracture with associated radiocarpal dislocation
- Describe Bennet’s Fracture
2. How are these fractures commonly sustained?
- intra-articular fracture at base of thumb
2. punches
Describe Montaggia fracture
ulnar fracture with associated proximal radioulnar dislocation
Describe Galeazzi Fracture
radial shaft fracture with associated distal radioulnar dislocation
A patient has a tibial shaft fracture. They are in significant pain, which is worse on passive stretching of the toes.
What complication do you need to consider?
Compartment syndrome
Which side of the tibial plateau is more susceptible to fracture?
lateral
Which imaging modality is most useful in tibial plateau fractures
CT
What classification is used for tibial plateau fractures
Schatzker
Describe the level of the fracture using the Weber Classification
A - below syndesmosis
B - at level of syndesmosis
C - above syndesmosis
Which of the Weber classification is more unstable
Weber C
Which of the talar bones is most commonly fractured?
calcaneus
Which talar bone is at risk of AVN when fractured?
talus
Name the three types of NOF fracture
intracapsular intratrochanteric (extracapsular) subtrochanteric (extracapsular)
Describe the Garden Classification of NOF
I incomplete fracture
II complete fracture; no displacement
III complete fracture; partial displacement
IV complete fracture with full displacement
How are the following NOFs managed
- displaced intracapsular
- Intertrochanteric
- subtrochanteric
- Garden I and II
- arthroplasty - hemiarthroplasty or total hip replacement depending on patient co-morbidities
- dynamic hip screw
- intramedullary nail
- cannulated hip screws
Which nerve is most commonly affected by femoral shaft fractures?
pudendal
