Surfaces Of The Body Flashcards
Define mucosa.
Epithelial lining and lamina propria (and muscularis mucosa is power GI tract) that covers surfaces of tubes that open to the exterior.
What are the layers of mucosa?
- Epithelium
- Basement mem
- Lamina propria - loose irregular CT
- Muscularis mucosae (in lower GI tract)
Define submucosa.
Loose irregular CT layer beneath the mucosa, containing fat, blood, lymphatics, nerves and glands.
Define serosa.
Epithelial lining (usually simple squamous) that covers organs within body cavities. It is a thin, double layer : visceral and parietal serosa.
Define adventitia.
CT that anchors body organs not within cavities to surrounding structures.
Eg. Oesophagus
What are the layers of skin?
- Epidermis
- Dermis
- Subcutis
What are the layers of epidermis?
- Stratum corneum
- Lucidum - thick skin
- Granulosum
- Spinosum- think more in psoriasis
- Basale- think merkel cells, melanocytes
What cells comprise the majority of epidermal skin cells?
Keratinocytes
What is the function of merkel cells?
Touch receptors.
What is the function of melanocytes?
Pigmentation
What are the 4 functions of skin?
- Barrier function
- Thermoregulation
- Sensation
- Sociosexual communication
What is the embryological origin of melanocytes?
Neural crest.
Name cells of neural crest origin.
- Melanocytes
- Schwann cells
- Ganglia (including sympathetic chain and dorsal root ganglia)
- Craniofacial structures (bones, teeth, dermis, CT, muscles)
- Adrenal medulla
What is the most common human cancer?
Non-melanoma skin cancer (BCC, SCC)
What stain would you use to see the dermis?
Picrosirius - “basket-weave” appearance
