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Living Anatomy > Surface Markings and Viscera of Abdomen > Flashcards

Surface Markings and Viscera of Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

Vertical line running from the midpoint of the clavicle through the tip of the 9th costal cartilage

A

midcalvicular line

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2
Q

Midway between the suprasternal notch and the superior border of the public bone, also considered midway between the xiphisternal joint and the umbilicus

roughly at the level of the vertebral body of L1, at the point where the linea semilunaris contacts the 9th costal cartilage

A

transpyloric plane

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3
Q

level with the lowest point of the 10th costal cartilage, also level with the vertebral body of L3

A

subcostal plane

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4
Q

connects the iliac crests, level with spinous process of L4

A

supracristal plane

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5
Q

connects the iliac tubercles, level with spinous process L5

A

intertubercular plane

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6
Q

connects the anterior superior iliac spines, or ASIS, level with the posterior superior iliac spines, or PSIS, and S2

A

interspinous plane

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7
Q

lateral to the midclavicular line, inferior to the level of the xiphisternal joint, and superior to the subcostal plane

A

hypochondrium

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8
Q

lateral to the midclavicular line, inferior to the subcostal plane, and superior to the transtubercular plane

A

lumbar region

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9
Q

medial to the midclavicular lines, inferior to the xiphisternal joint, and superior to the subcostal plane, and superior to the transtubercular plane

A

umbilical region

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10
Q

medial to the midclavicular lines, inferior to the transtubercular plane, and superior to the pubic bone

A

hypogastrium

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11
Q

quadrant that is lateral to the midline, inferior to the level of the xiphisternal joint and superior to the horizontal line through the umbilicus

A

upper quadrants

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12
Q

quadrant that is lateral to the midline, inferior to the horizontal line through the umbilicus, and superior to the inguinal ligament

A

lower quadrants

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13
Q

organ located on the right side of the body in the right hypochondrium and extends across to the left in the epigastrium.

A

liver

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14
Q

organ located posterior to the tip of the 9th costal cartilage

A

gall bladder

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15
Q

organ that begins posterior to the 7th costal cartilage, 2-3 cm to the left of the midline, inferior to the esophagus

A

stomach

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16
Q

initial portion of the stomach

A

cardia

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17
Q

right side of the stomach that continues inferiorly and curves to the right

A

lesser curvature

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18
Q

lesser curvature becomes the ________ of the stomach 1-2 cm to the right of the midline in the transpyloric plane

A

pylorus

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19
Q

left side of the stomach continues inferiorly but then curves sharply superiorly and then to the left to form the _______ of the stomach

A

fundus

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20
Q

this part of the stomach curves inferiorly near the left midaxillary line, then inferiorly and to the right to a point just inferior to the transpyloric plane

curves superiorly and to the right and becomes the pylorus 1-2 cm to the right of the midline in the transpyrloic plane

A

greater curvature

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21
Q

small intestine has three distinct portions

A

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

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22
Q

this portion of the small intestine continues from the pylorus of the stomach 2-3 cm to the right, transversely in the transpyloric plane. at this point, approximately 5 cm to the right of the midline this portion turns downwards and continues for 7-8 cm before turning at a right angle to the left, this occurs approximately level with the costal margin, or 10th costal cartilage, and the vertebral body of L3. it then continues horizontally to cross the midline.

A

duodenum

23
Q

this junction of the small intestine is 3 cm to the left of the midline in the transpyloric plane

A

duodeno-jejunal junction

24
Q

second portion of the small intestine and is generally located in the superior, left portion of the abdomen

A

jejunum

25
Q

third and final portion of the small intestine and is generally located in the inferior, right portion of the abdomen

A

ileum

26
Q

area of the large intestine that continues from ileum of the small intestine, it is located inferior to the transtubercular plane and superior to the lateral half ot eh inguinal ligament

A

caecum

27
Q

caecum and ileum are separated by the ______ ______

A

ileo-caecal valve

28
Q

the surface markings of the appendix, 1/3 of the way from the right ASIS to the umbilicus

A

McBurney’s Point

29
Q

_________ _______ continues from the caecum superiorly up the right flank, just lateral to the midclavicular line, it ascends to the level of the 9th intercostal space, just inferior to the transpyloric plane

A

ascending colon

30
Q

bend in the ascending colon

A

hepatic flexure

31
Q

colon that heads to the left side of the body, generally considered to loop inferior to the greater curvature of the stomach before continuing superiorly and to the left of the splenic flexure

A

transverse colon

32
Q

this is located 10 cm to the left of the midline, just lateral to the midclavicular line, posterior to the 8th costal cartilage, just superior to the transpyloric plane

also a bend that connects the transverse colon to the descending colon

A

splenic flexure

33
Q

this colon continues inferiorly down the left flank, just lateral to midclavicular line, and continues inside the ilium

A

descending colon

34
Q

this colon continues from the descending colon, it turns medially and inferiorly at the level of the left ASIS and reaches the midline about 2-3 cm inferior to the ASIS

A

sigmoid or pelvic colon

35
Q

distal opening of the gastro-intestinal tract

A

anus

36
Q

beings at the level of S3 and continues inferiorly in the midline of the anus

A

rectum

37
Q

this organ is located within the curvature of the duodenum, the head of this organ lies to the right of the midline of the curve of the duodenum, its neck and body overlie the aorta in the midline of the body

A

pancreas

38
Q

this organ lies posterior to the stomach, between stomach and the diaphragm, and superior to the left kidney, located between the 9th and 11th ribs from the lateral edge of the erector spinae muscle to the midaxillary line

A

spleen

39
Q

two bean-shaped structures which lie on the posterior abdominal wall, superior pole is deep to ribs 11 and 12, at about the level of T12

A

kidneys

40
Q

which kidney is more inferior than the other?

A

right kidney is slightly inferior to the left kidney

41
Q

these glands lie on the superior pole of each kidney

A

adrenal glands

42
Q

this part leaves the hilus of the kidneys in the transpyloric plane and continue inferiorly 5 cm lateral to the midline

A

urterters

43
Q

this organ lies posterior and slightly superior to the pubic bone when empty

A

bladder

44
Q

this gland lies inferior and posterior to the bladder

A

prostate gland

45
Q

this organ lies posterior and superior to the bladder

A

uterus

46
Q

this part lies just inferior to the level of the ASIS on each side, superior to the midinguinal point

A

ovaries

47
Q

this tube travels from the ovaries to the superior lateral portion of the uterus

A

fallopian, or uterine tubes

48
Q

this aorta is a midline structure, enters the abdomen roughly in the midline level with the vertebral body of T12, 3-4 cm superior to the transpyloric plane

A

abdominal aorta

49
Q

alongside the abdominal aorta

A

abdominal lymph nodes

50
Q

bifurcation of the aorta that creates the right and left _____ ____ _______

A

common iliac arteries

51
Q

each common iliac artery divides into an _____ _____ _____ and ______ _______ ______ in the transtubercular plane, level with the vertebral body of L5, 4 cm lateral to the midline

A

internal iliac artery, external iliac artery

52
Q

as the external iliac artery passes posterior to the inguinal ligament in the midinguinal line, it becomes the ____ _____

A

femoral artery

53
Q

this cava is formed from the common iliac veins 2-3 cm to the right of the midline in the transtubercular plane, level with the vertebral body of L5

A

inferior vena cava

54
Q

this vein is formed by the junction of the superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein posterior to the neck of the pancreas, 1-2 cm inferior to the transpyloric plane in the midline

A

portal vein

Living Anatomy (12 decks)

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