Surface Anatomy of the Thorax Flashcards
What is the sternal angle and what level does it signify?
The sternal angle is the junction of the manubrium and body of the sternum. It indicates the 2nd costal cartilage and the 2nd rib.
What is the parasternal line?
Runs along the border of sternum and helps identify thoracic artery as it runs along inside of chest wall approximately 1 cm lateral to this line.
What is the midclavicular line?
Runs from the midpoint of the clavicle downwards.
What is the anterior axillary line?
Runs from the anterior axillary fold (Pectoralis Major)
What is the midaxillary line?
Runs from the apex of the axilla
What is the posterior axillary line?
Runs from the posterior axillary fold (Latissimus dorsi)
What is the paravertebral line?
Lateral to the Midvertebral / Posterior Median Line
Rib outline of the pleura of right lung and left lung:
Right lung pleura: 2, 6, 8 (MCL), 10 (MAL), 12
Left lung pleura: 2, 4, 6, 8 (MCL), 10 (MAL), 12
Where is the cupula?
2 cm above the clavicle. junction 9between medial third and middle third
Rib outline of the right and left lung:
Right: 2, 6 (MCL), 8 (MAL), 10
Left: 2, 4, 6 (MCL), 8 (MAL), 10
Where is the oblique fissure?
From the 6th rib anteriorly, and then posteriorly to T12
Where is the horizontal fissure?
From the 4th rib anteriorly, meets the oblique fissure
Describe the borders of the heart and their contents
Superior = 2nd LCC -> 3rd RCC = Great vessels and L. and R. Atrium Right = 3rd RCC -> 6th RCC = R. atrium Inferior = 6th RCC -> 5th LICS = L. and R. Ventricles Left = 5th ICS -> 2nd LCC = L. Atrium and L. Ventricle
Describe the auscultatory areas
Pulmonary Valve = 2nd L. ICS
Aortic Valve = 2nd R. ICS
Tricuspid Valve = 4th/5th L. ICS
Mitral Valve = 5th ICS at MCL
Where is the apex of the heart?
5th L. ICS along MCL
