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OS 205 > Heart and Great Vessels > Flashcards

Heart and Great Vessels Flashcards

1
Q

Invented the cardiac catheterization

A

Werner Forssman

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2
Q

Conducted the first heart transplant

A

Dr. Christian Barnard

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3
Q

Invented the stethoscope

A

Renee Laenee

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4
Q

Condition wherein there is a narrowing of a valve

A

Stenosis

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5
Q

Sign of an abnormality, particularly with respect to blood flow through a valve

A

Murmur

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6
Q

Where can you hear the apex beat / point of maximum impulse?

A

5th L. ICS, 6-10 cm from the midline

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7
Q

Where is Erb’s point?

A

3rd L. ICS

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8
Q

Tough, unyielding, external, superficial layer of the pericardium

A

Fibrous pericardium

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9
Q

The fibrous pericardium is attached anteriorly to _____________ and posteriorly to _____________. It is continuous superiorly with ____________ and ______________ and then inferiorly with the _______________.

A

Sternopericardial ligament
Pericardiophrenic ligament
Pretracheal layer of deep cervical fascia and tunica adventitia of the great vessels
Central tendon of the diaphragm

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10
Q

Pericardial layer that consists mainly of mesothelium (single layer of flattened cells forming an epithelium)

A

Serous pericardium

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11
Q

Layer of the serous pericardium that lines the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium:

A

Parietal layer

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12
Q

Layer of the serous pericardium that lines the heart, forming the epicardium:

A

Visceral layer

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13
Q

Potential space between parietal and visceral layers of serous pericardium

A

Pericardial cavity

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14
Q

Main arterial supply of the pericardium:

A

Pericardiophrenic artery

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15
Q

Main venous drainage of the pericardium:

A

Pericardiophrenic vein

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16
Q

What are the sensory innervations of the phrenic nerve?

A

Fibrous pericardium

Parietal layer of serous pericardium (visceral layer doesn’t have sensory innervation)

17
Q

Transverse sinus separates what structures?

A

Group 1: Aorta and pulmonary arteries

Group 2: SVC, IVC, Pulmonary veins

18
Q

Blind ending passage posterior to the heart formed by the reflections of the visceral and parietal pericardium onto the vessels traversing the space

A

Oblique sinus

19
Q

Main constituent of the base of the heart:

A

Left atrium

20
Q

Attachment of myocardium and valvular cusps

A

Fibrous rings of the Fibrous skeleton

21
Q

Protein component of fibrous skeleton

A

Collagen

22
Q

Origin and insertion of myocardium

A

Origin: Fibrous ring of pulmonary valve
Insertion: Fibrous ring of aortic valve

23
Q

Connection between fibrous rings

A

Fibrous trigone

24
Q

Smooth and rough parts of atrial wall are separated by:

A 
Sulcus terminalis (from outside)
Crista terminalis (from inside)
25
Q

Which part of the atrium does the SVC and IVC open?

A

Sinus venarum

26
Q

Where does the coronary sinus open?

A

Between atrioventricular orifice and orifice of IVC

27
Q

Separates the conus arteriosus/infundibulum and the muscular part of the right ventricle

A

Supraventricular crest

28
Q

Curved muscular bundle that serves as a shortcut from inferior interventricular septum to the base of the anterior papillary muscle. It carries the right branch of the AV bundle.

A

Septomarginal trabecula

29
Q

Where do the anterior, posterior, and septal papillary muscles attach to?

A

Anterior: Anterior and posterior cusps
Septal: Anterior and septal cusps
Posterior: Posterior and septal cusps

30
Q

Smooth-walled region of the left ventricle

A

Aortic vestibule

31
Q

How many degrees is the blood turning entering the left ventricle?

A

180 degrees

32
Q

Where is the location of the opening of the left and right coronary arteries?

A

Right coronary artery = Right aortic sinus

Left coronary artery = Left aortic sinus

33
Q

Valve of the coronary sinus to atrium

A

Thebsian valve

34
Q

What supplies the SA and AV nodes?

A

Sinuatrial artery and AV nodal artery (branches of the right coronary artery)

SA node is 40% supplied by left coronary artery

35
Q

Congenital heart defect involving a heart that includes a stenotic pulmonary valve, an aorta that rise from both ventricles, and an enlarged right ventricle

A

Tetralogy of Fallot

36
Q

Mitral valve stenosis causes which murmur?

A

Diastolic murmur

37
Q

Mitral regurgitation causes which murmur?

A

Systolic murmur

38
Q

Aortic valve stenosis causes which murmur?

A

Systolic murmur

OS 205 (4 decks)

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