Surface Anatomy Flashcards
what muscle forms the rounded lateral contour of the shoulder?
deltoid
what is the nerve supply to the deltoid?
axillary
which muscle forms anterior fold of the axilla?
pectoralis major
what is the nerve supply to the pectoralis major?
medial and lateral pectoral nerve
what is the nerve supply to the trapezius?
spinal accessory nerve
which muscle forms the posterior fold of the axilla?
lat dorsi
what is the nerve supply of the lat dorsi?
thoracodorsal nerve
what is a winged scapula?
scapula lifts away from thoracic cage
nerve supply to the supraspinatus?
supra scapular nerve
what is the nerve supply of the infraspinatus?
supra scapular nerve
at what point in the abduction arc does the scapula start to move?
about 30 degrees
what structures lie deep to the clavicle?
brachial plexus and 3rd part of the subclavian vessels
what muscles are attached to the coracoid process?
pectoralis minor
coracobrachialis
short head of biceps
why is the coracoid process important in surgery?
keeps surgeon away from brachial plexus and axillary artery
what ligaments are attached to the coracoid process?
coracohumeral
coracoacromial
coracoclavicular
why is the subachromial bursa significant?
important landmark in steroid injection
what is the function of the supraspinatus?
initiates abduction
function of the subscapularis?
internal rotation
function of the infraspinatus and teres minor?
external rotation
what attaches to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus?
extensor origin
note ridge proximally
what is the function of a bursa?
decreases friction between 2 surfaces
where is the radial nerve and posterior Interosseus nerve in relation to the lateral epicondyle?
radial nerve - 4 finger breadths above
PIN - 2 finger breadths below
which forearm muscles does the radial nerve supply before it gives off PIN?
brachioradialis
extensor carp
radialis longus
what is tennis elbow?
degenerative tendinitis of the extensor origin
where is the ulnar nerve in relation to the epicondyle?
behind epicondyle, may sublet or dislocate in some individuals
what does the ulna nerve pass under on its way into the forearm?
the cubital tunnel retinaculum (CTR) and between the 2 heads of FCU
what muscle attaches to the top of the olecranon?
triceps
what is the nerve supply to the triceps?
radial nerve
what is an effusion?
fluid in a joint
what types of effusion can occur?
synovial fluid, blood, pus, gas
which muscle provides powerful supination of the forearm?
biceps
what is the nerve supply to the biceps?
músculo cutaneous nerve
where does biceps tendon insert?
radial tuberosity
what joint is responsible for the flexion and extension of the elbow joint?
ulno-trochlear
what joint is responsible for the pronation/supination of the elbow joint?
proximal and distal radioulnar
