Supreme Court Decisions Flashcards
McCulloch v. Maryland
The federal government has implied power; the states cannot interfere with that
Marbury v. Madison
The court decides that it is the ultimate arbiter of the US constitution
Gibbons v. Ogden
The court makes the commercial clause very broad
Dred Scott v. Sanford
Decides blacks cannot be citizens of the US
Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad
Corporations have rights, just like people
Plessy v. Ferguson
Separate but equal
Lochner v. New York
Strikes down progressive laws trying to regulate working conditions
Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey v. United States
Strikes for competitive business
Schecter Poultry Corp v. United States
Strikes down part of the New Deal
Korematsu v. United States
Allows internment camps
Shelly v. Kramer
Invalidates restrictions on property ownership by non-whites
Brown v. Board of Education
Desperate is not equal
Mapp v. Ohio
Police must follow fourth amendment or have any evidence excluded from trial
Baker v. Carr
Debate over voting restrictions
Engel v. Vitale
No prayer in public schools
Gideon v. Wainright
Criminal defendants have a right to an attorney, even if they can’t afford one
Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States
Sides with the Civil Rights Act of 1964
New York Times v. Sullivan
First amendment rights are protected, even with factual errors
Reynolds v. Sims
Voting districts must be roughly equal in population
Griswold v. Connecticut
First amendment guarantees right to privacy without explicitly saying so
Miranda v. Arizona
Miranda rights are born
Frontiero v. Richardson
Discrimination based on gender is unconstitutional
In Re Gault
Juveniles get certain rights when they are charged with a crime
Loving v. Virginia
No laws prohibiting inter racial marriage
Griggs v. Duke Power Co.
Employers can be guilty of discrimination even without proof of intent
Lemon v. Kurtzman
Lemon test for deciding cases involving the separation of church and state
Roe v. Wade
Women have the constitutional right to terminate pregnancy
United States v. Nixon
Nixon loses and his presidency topples
Gregg v. Georgia
Death penalty is not cruel and unusual punishment
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
Affirmative Action is ok, but quotas aren’t
Texas v. Johnson
Flag burning is protected by the first amendment
Cruzan v. Missouri Department of Health
Clear and convincing evidence of patients wishes before terminating life sustaining medical treatment
Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey
Women have the right to terminate pregnancy but government can put a lot of restrictions on it
United States v. Lopez
Gets rid of commerce clause and strikes down a school gun ban
Reno v. ACLU
First amendment rights extend to the internet
Boy Scouts of America v. Dale
Boy Scouts can bar gays from becoming scout leaders
Bush v. Gore
End the vote recount and put Bush in the whitehouse
Lawrence v. Texas
No laws prohibiting consensual sex between adults
District of Columbia v. Heller
Right to bear arms, at least in the home
Citizens United v. Federal Election Commision
Strikes down limits on corporate campaign contributions
Palko v. Connecticut
Selective incorporation
14th amendment
Minor v. Happersett
Womens right to vote was not guaranteed by the 14th ammendment
Reynolds v. US
Individuals religious beliefs are not protected against general law
Schenck v. US
People preventing WWI recruitment
“Can’t falsely shout fire in a crowded theatre”
“Clear and present danger”
Gitlow v. NY
Cannot completely limit freedom of political expression
Near v. MN
Cannot have prior restraint
Youngstown sheet and tube v. Sawyer
President Truman overstepped executive powers when taking steel mills to prevent strikes
Escobedo v. IL
Attorney needs to be present during questioning
Tinker v. Des Moines
Symbolic speech is protected under 1st amendment
Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenberg
Busing to achieve racial balance in schools
Furman v. Georgia
Capitol punishment restrictions
Buckley c. Valeo
Rich candidates can spend their own money is an expression of free speech
Edwards v. Aguillard
Cannot teach intelligent design in schools because it is rooted in religion
Employment decision of Oregon v. Smith
Free exercise does not apply to general laws
Shaw v. Reno
Blocks racial gerrymandering
Kelo v. City of New London
City taking condemned land and selling it to private developer does no violate “public purpose”
Gonzales v. Carhart and Gonzales v. Planned Parenthood
Feds can limit partial birth abortion but Roe v. Wade
US v. Virginia Military Institute
Required VMI to accept women
California Democratic Party v. Jones
Political parties can restrict primaries to party members
Gratz and Grutter v. Bollinger
Restricts AA
Hamdi v. Rumsfeld
US citizens have the right to attorney even when said to be an enemy combatant
