Supreme Court Cases Flashcards
Marbury v Madison (1803):
Establishes the power of Judicial Review by the Supreme Court and the ability of the Court to nullify Congressional laws and executive actions as unconstitutional.
McCulloch v Maryland (1819):
US (federal government) is allowed to establish a National Bank; US law is supreme over state law (federalism).
US v Lopez (1995):
Commerce Clause is not all expansive and does not give federal government power to prohibit guns in schools.
Engel v Vitale (1962):
Public schools may not sponsor religious activities without violating the Establishment Clause of First Amendment.
Wisconsin v Yoder
Free Exercise Clause of First Amendment prohibits requiring Amish students to attend school past 8th grade.
Tinker v Des Moines (1969):
First Amendment Free Speech prohibits public schools from banning students from wearing black armbands in protest of Vietnam War.
New York Times v US (1971):
Heavy presumption against prior restraint of the press even in cases of national security.
Schenck v US (1919):
First Amendment does not protect speech that creates a “clear and present danger” (i.e. yelling “fire” in a crowded theater).
Gideon v Wainwright (1963):
Guaranteed the right to an attorney in felony criminal cases.
Roe v Wade (1973):
Right to privacy protects a woman’s right to have an abortion.
McDonald v Chicago (2010):
Second amendment right to keep and bear arms (guns) provides an individual right that applies to states.
Brown v Board of Education (1954):
Overturns “separate but equal;” prohibits racial segregation in public schools.
Citizens United v FEC (2010):
Unlimited spending on political campaigns by private corporations constitutes free speech protected by the First Amendment.
Baker v Carr (1962):
Develops “one person, one vote” argument and allows challenges to congressional redistricting.
Shaw v Reno (1993):
Prohibits the use of race as the sole factor in redistricting.
