Supralaryngeal Anatomy Flashcards
What’s the primary purpose of the supralaryngeal system in speech production?
It’s the resonator (shapes vibration)!!
What are the single and paired groupings of the cranial bones?
SINGLE:
Frontal
Occipital
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
PAIRED:
Temporal
Parietal
What are the different facial bones?
SINGLE:
Mandible
PAIRED:
Nasal
Maxilla
Palatine
Zygomatic
What are the landmarks of the mandible?
Mental protuberance
Angle
Ramus
Coronoid Process
Condylar Process
What structures involved in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)?
condylar process of mandible
temporal bone
Components of the oral cavity?
Hard Palate
Soft Palate
Anterior faucial pillar (palatoglossal arch)
Posterior faucial pillar (palatopharyngeal arch)
Tongue
Uvula
Palatine tonsil
Divisions of the nasal cavity, superior to inferior?
nasopharyx (choanae to soft palate)
oropharynx (soft palate to base of tongue)
laryngopharnyx (epiglottis to inferior border of cricoid)
Our working definition of the articulation?
the changing shape of the vocal tract
What factors in speech articulation does changing vocal tract shape result in?
- PSI built up
- Turbulence
- Resonance
What’s functional matrix theory?
bone grows (including facial bones) in response to force exerted on it
Biggest differences between bebe and adult vocal tract shapes?
Baby has
1. tongue, pharynx, and soft palate all ‘smushed together”
- the Larynx is waay higher up
What are the cranial nerves implicated during speech?
CN V = Trigeminal
CN VII = Facial
CN IX = Glossopharyngeal
CN X = Vagus
CN XI = Accessory
CN XII = Hypoglossal
What are the only two speech cranial nerves that provide only movement?
CN XI = Accessory (M)
CN XII = Hypoglossal (M)
Gimme the functions of the CN V
(Trigeminal Nerve)
MOTOR:
mastication!
SENSORY:
sensation of face scalp, oral nasal membranes, teeth, tympanic membranes and anterior 2/3 tongue
Gimme functions of CN VII
(Facial Nerve)
MOTOR:
facial muscles!
salivary glands
lacrimal glands
SENSORY:
sensation from skin behind ear
taaste from anterior 2/3 tongue
Functions of the CN IX?
(Glossopharyngeal Nerve)
MOTOR:
stylopharyngeus
SENSORY:
1. sensation from posterior 1/3 tongue
2. taste from posterior 1/3 tongue
3 carotic body (blood chemistry) and carotid sinus (blood psi)
What are the functions of the CN X?
(Vagus Nerve)
MOTOR:
1. velopharyngeal muscles, pharyngeal muscles, laryngeal muscles
- cardiac muscles
- thoracic + abdominal viscera
SENSORY:
1. laryngeal, tracheal, esophogeal sensation
2. thoracic and abdominal viscera sensation
3. external parts of ear
What are the functions of CN XI?
(Accessory Nerve)
MOTOR:
Cranial Branch = pharnygeal plexus
Spinal Branch = SCM and traps
What is the pharyngeal plexus?
grouping of cranial nerve X and cranial nerve XI
–> for pharyngeal innervation
What’s the function of CN XII?
(Hypoglossal Nerve)
MOTOR:
move that tongue (all muscles except one)
What structure closes off the velopharyngeal port?
the velum !
What’s the velopharyngeal port?
The opening between the oropharynx and nasopharynx
What are the muscles involved in closing the velum?
levator veli palatini
tensor veli palatini
musculus uvulae
palatoglossus
palatopharyngeus
What are the innervations of the velar-closure muscles?
Levator veli palatini = CNX + CNXI
Tensor veli palatini = CNV
Musculus uvulae = CNX + CNXI
Palatoglossus = CNX + CNXI
Palatopharyngeus = CNX + CNXI
