Supply AND Demand Flashcards

1
Q

The price at which quantity demanded and quantity supplied are equal

A

Equilibrium price

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2
Q

On the graph the __________ axis shows the various prices at which goods are offered for sale and bought

A

Vertical

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3
Q

The ____________ axis shows the quantity of goods

A

Horizontal

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4
Q

The result of quantity demanded being greater than quantity supplied

A

shortage

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5
Q

The result of quantity demanded being less than quantity supplied

A

Surplus

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6
Q

As buyers and sellers interact, the market moves toward ______________

A

Market equilibrium

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7
Q

When there is a shortage, producers _____ prices in an attempt to balance quantity supplied and quantity demanded

A

Raise

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8
Q

When there is a surplus, producers _____ prices in an attempt to balance quantity supplied and quantity demanded

A

Lower

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9
Q

The legal maximum price that sellers may charge for a product

A

Price ceiling

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10
Q

Legal minimum price that buyers must pay for a product

A

Price floor

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11
Q

A legal minimum amount that an employer must pay for one hour of work

A

Minimum wage

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12
Q

A system in which the govt allocates goods and services using factors other than price

A

Rationing

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13
Q

Involves illegal buying or selling in violation of price controls or rationing

A

Black market

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14
Q

A __________________ occurs below equilibrium

A

Binding price ceiling

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15
Q

A __________________ occurs above equilibrium

A

Binding price floor

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16
Q

Occurs when producers sell goods and services at prices that best balance the twin desires of making the highest profit and luring consumers away from rival producers

A

Competitive pricing

17
Q

What are the four characteristics of a price system?

A

It’s neutral
It’s market driven
It’s flexible
It’s efficient

18
Q

___________ encourage people to act certain ways

A

Incentives

19
Q

Prices act as _________ and ___________ to customers

A

Signals and incentives

20
Q

___________________ rely on the consumer perception that a certain logo is worth a higher price

A

Brand marketers