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Cardio pulm exam 2 > Supplemental Oxygen > Flashcards

Supplemental Oxygen Flashcards

1
Q

Respiratory Meds: Supplemental Oxygen

A

Treatment for hypoxemia when PaO2 is unable to deliver adequate O2 to capillaries

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2
Q

Respiratory Meds Delivery:

A

nasal cannula
mask
tent/hood
endotracheal tube
tracheostomy

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3
Q

FDA states: “medical oxygen is defined as a:

A

prescription drug which requires a prescription in order to be dispensed except….for emergency use”

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4
Q

Co-morbidities: Why are more patientsneeding supplemental oxygen?

A

Older patients

Multiple medical diagnoses

Pulmonary diagnoses are increasing in incidence and prevalence

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5
Q

What are the advantages ofSupplemental Oxygen?
Oxygen during Exercise:

A

1) Decreases SOB
2) Decreases dynamic hyperinflation
3) Prolongs exercise tolerance
4) Improves sleep and mood
5) Increases mental alertness and stamina
6) Prevents/delays heart failure in severe lung disease

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6
Q

Oxygen Equipment =

A

pulse oximeters
oxygen concentrator
oxygen tanks

nasal cannulas
venti-mask
partial re-breather mask
non re-breather mask
mask + nasal cannula

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7
Q

Oxygen Delivery Device - low flow nasal cannula

A

1-6 L/min

FiO2 = 25-40

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8
Q

Oxygen Delivery Device - high flow nasal cannula

A

30-60 L/min

FiO2 = 100

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9
Q

Oxygen Delivery Device - venti-mask

A

2-15 L/min

FiO2 = 24-60

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10
Q

What is the FiO2 and flow rate for the simple face mask ?

A

flow = 6-10 L/min

FiO2 = 35-50

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11
Q

What is the FiO2 and flow rate for non rebreather?

A

flow = 10-15 L/min

FiO2 = 80-90

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12
Q

Respiratory Meds: Supplemental O2 Dose

A

L/min
> rest, activity, exercise

Hours/day

Supply system
> tank of compressed air, liquid O2 reservoir

Dose/Duration/Frequency = depends on patient and desired SpO2

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13
Q

SpO2 Targets:

A

Pulmonary Dysfunction: <88%
Normal Value: 94 – 98%

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14
Q

Benefits of supplemental O2 =

A

Increased exercise tolerance

Decreased morbidity due to improved oxygenation of tissue

Improved quality of life

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15
Q

Risks of O2 =

A

Fire
Dry nose
Airway irritation
Oxygen toxicity - hyperoxia

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16
Q

FiO2 =

A

Fraction of inspired Oxygen

Room Air = 20 to 21%

Minute Ventilation @ Rest = 6-8 L air/minute

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17
Q

Supplemental Oxygen: Flow Rate = Low Flow Oxygen

A

Supplies oxygen at flow rates that are lower than patient’s inspiratory demand

Fraction of Inspired Oxygen (FIO2) varies with respiratory rate (RR) and tidal volume (TV) = LFNC supplements O2 needs

1 – 6 L/min

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18
Q

Supplemental Oxygen: Flow Rate = High Flow Oxygen

A

More precise O2 delivery

FiO2 does not vary with respiratory rate and tidal volume = exceeds O2 needs

Up to 60 L/min

19
Q

Effective Oxygen therapy is about =

A

finding a balance between delivering the lowest FiO2 in order to achieve normal oxygen saturations for the patient

20
Q

Low Flow Oxygen - nasal cannula

A

1-6 L/min

Delivers approximately 25-40% FIO2

Simple and safe

Connected to an O2 source and regulated by a flow meter

Easily mobile when connected to portable O2 tanks

Can be humidified = usually when >3 liters/min flow

21
Q

High Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC)

A

Adjustable FiO2: 28% to 100% via an O2 blender

Adjustable Flow Rate: 10 - 60 L/Min; typically used in 30-60 range

Provides humidity

22
Q

HFNC - goals of Hi-Flow

A

treat hypoxemia

decrease WOB

provide adequate humidity for a trached patient

23
Q

Benefits of HFNC compared to a mask =

A

patient comfort

patient can communicate more easily

can eat and drink without changing O2 devices

allows for easier oral care maintenance

adjustable FiO2

meets their inspiratory demands = decrease work of breathing - by adjusting flow

24
Q

High Flow: Venturi Face Mask (Venti Mask)

A

Mask connected to a Venturi entrainment port device that mixes a specific volume of air and O2 (“dial-a-flow”) = Each valve tells you what flow is needed to achieve the desired FiO2

Precise levels of oxygen, humidification not needed

25
Q

High Flow: Venturi Face Mask (Venti Mask)
Disadvantages =

A

eating and talking

uncomfortable

air leakage

skin and eye irritation

26
Q

High Flow: Venturi Face Mask (Venti Mask)
colors and rates =

A

white:
flow = 4-6L/min
FiO2 = 28%

yellow:
flow = 8-10L/min
FiO2 = 35%

red:
flow = 10-12L/min
FiO2 = 40%

green:
flow = 12-15L/min
FiO2 = 60%

27
Q

Oxymizer pendant vs mustache =

A

Mustache (20 L/min)
Pendant (15 L/min)

28
Q

Oxymizer =

A

Conserves O2 through the use of a reservoir as it stores O2 during exhalation and delivers an O2 bolus during inhalation = long term use to decrease flow and increased oxygen concentration

Provides more O2 with less flow than other devices

Self-humidifying

29
Q

Low Flow: Aerosol Mask

A

Connected to wide bore tubing that receives aerosolized O2 from a nebulizer

Two holes for exhalation

FIO2: 40% - 60%

Flow: 6-15 L/min

Humidification may be needed

Short term use = replaced by nasal cannula

Used for high concentration of oxygen; no breathing assistance needed

30
Q

Low Flow: Aerosol Mask
Disadvantages =

A

Eating and talking
Rebreathing exhaled air

31
Q

Rebreathing Mask 2 types =

A

Aerosol mask with a reservoir bag = 1 Liter volume to store pure oxygen

Partial Rebreather
Non-Rebreather

32
Q

Rebreathing Mask
Disadvantages =

A

Eating and talking
Skin irritation
Air leakage from the mask

33
Q

Low/High Flow: Non-Rebreather Face Mask

A

FiO2: 60-90% FIO2

10 - 15 L/min

Works using a one-way valve that prevents exhalation into the reservoir bag and allows inhalation of nearly pure O2

Used for short term, hospital situation

34
Q

Low/High Flow: Non-Rebreather Face Mask
Disadvantages =

A

Eating = desaturate when mask is off

Risk of hyperoxygenation

35
Q

Partial Rebreather =

A

FiO2: 40%-70%
6 – 10 L/min

No valve in the mask = exhaled air may be inspired again

Used for longer periods of time

36
Q

1 L/min nasal cannula = ___ FiO2

A

24%

37
Q

2 L/min nasal cannula =___ FiO2

A

28%

38
Q

3 L/min nasal cannula =__ FiO2

A

32%

39
Q

4 L/min nasal cannula =___ FiO2

A

36%

40
Q

5 L/min nasal cannula =___ FiO2

A

40%

41
Q

6 L/min nasal cannula =___ FiO2

A

44%

42
Q

10 L/min nasal cannula = ___ FiO2

A

60%

43
Q

> 15 L/min nasal cannula = __ FiO2

A

80%

Cardio pulm exam 2 (8 decks)

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