Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

7- Surgery > Superficial Swellings > Flashcards

Superficial Swellings Flashcards

1
Q

Common skin lesions

A 
Lipoma 
Sebaceous cyst 
Dermoid cyst 
Ganglion 
Keloids, hypertrophic scars
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a soft tissue

A

Non epithelial

Extraskeletal mesenchyme which is not lymphohematopoietic tissue, viscera and glia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Types of soft tissue

A 
Fibrous CT
Adipose tissue 
Skeletal muscle 
Blood vessels 
Lymph vessels 
Peripheral nervous system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Epidermis layer

A 
Stratum corneum 
Stratum lucidum 
Stratum granuulosum 
Stratum spinosum 
Stratum basale
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Type of cells in stratum basale

A

Basal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Type of cells in s Tatum spinosum

A

Prickle cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Type of cells in stratum granulosum

A

Granular cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where do you find stratum lucidum

A

Palms

Sole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Stratum corneum type of cells

A

Kératinized cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Type of cells in epidermis

A 
Melanocytes
Langerhans
Merkel
Hair 
Nails
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Classification of soft tissue swelling

A

Intact & abnormal epidermis
Normal skin (beneath skin )
Overlying epidermis destroyed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Steps in history of lumps

A 
Age, sex, ethnic group, occupation 
Duration 
Cause 
First symptom 
Other symptoms 
Progression 
Persistence
Multiple , single ?
Systemic symptoms 
FHx
SHx
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Examination of lump

A 
Site 
Size
Shape 
Surface 
Edge 
Color 
Temp 
Tenderness
Depth 
Mobility 
Composition (consistency , fluctuation , fluid thrill, translucency, resonance, pulsality, compressibility , bruit )
Local tissue state 
Regional lymph node 
Réduciibility
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Exam to test fluctuation of lump

A

Pascals law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Signs of composition of lump

A 
Consistency 
Fluctuation 
Translucency 
Fluid thrill
Pulsatility
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

macule characteristics

A

Flat, distinct , discolored

Less than 1cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Papule characteristics

A

Small
Well defined
Raised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Vesicle characteristics

A

Small fluid filled sac
Fluid => clear, white, yellow or mixed with blood
Less than 0.5cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Bulla characteristics

A

Large
Filled with fluid => clear or blood stained
Thick
More than 0.5cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Wheal characteristics

A

Pale skin swelling
Surrounded by erythema
Very itchy
Defined

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Cyst characteristics

A 
Small sac 
Red and swollen
Blackhead in the center
White , yellow, green discharge 
Tender 
Move under skin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Nævus characteristics

A

Benign
Growth on the skin
Cluster of melanocytes
Can be raised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Papilloma characteristics

A

Benign growths

Warts and verrucae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Tumor characteris tics

A

Can be skin colored , waxy, like a scar, or thick
Grows
Can see small blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Harmatoma charcateritics
Benign lesions | Aberrant disorganized growth of mature tissue
26
Ulcer characteristics
Round open sore Outer border raised and thick Skin discoloration inn area Red and warm
27
Lump investigations
``` USG XRAY CT SCAN MRI excision/incision biopsy ```
28
Excision biopsy definition
Removal of entire lump through cut through the skin
29
Incision lump
Cut of skin to remove sample of lump for diagnosis
30
Lipoma definition
Overactive distended fat cluster which is palpable
31
Lipoma characteristics
``` Spherical Well defined Slip sign positive Non tender with l’ovulation Soft but solid like Pseudo fluctuate No trans illumination ```
32
Lipoma treatment
Excision biopsy
33
Sebaceous cyst definition
Slow growing | Distended sebum filled sebaceous glands
34
Sebaceous cyst characteristics
``` Spherical Smooth Well defined Non tender From skin and subcutaneous Punctum (very important ) Not attached deeply ```
35
3 complications of sebaceous cyst
Sebaceous horn Cocks peculiar tumor Calcification
36
Dermoid cyst definition
Pièce of skin trapped deep to normal skin
37
Ganglion definition
Myxomatous degeneration of fibrous tissue
38
Ganglion characteristics
``` Spherical Joint and capsule ( wrist, hands ) Smooth Transilluminate Slow growth Painless Irreducible Cross fluctuate Viscous gelatinous material ```
39
Differential of ganglion
Bursae | Cystic protrusion
40
Ganglion treatment
Excision biopsy
41
What is epidermal inclusion cyst
Transplantation of skin into soft tissue during injury leading to cyst filled with keratin and desquamated cells
42
What is a subcutaneous bursae
Fluid filled cavities developing between tendons bones and skin
43
Condition of subcutaneous bursae
``` Painful Site of repeated trauma Fast growth Circular Indistinct edge Soft or spongy Transilluminate , fluctuate ```
44
Treatment of bursae
Excision biopsy
45
Keloids definition
Benign firm tumor like fibrous swelling arising from scar
46
Keloidscharacter
Extend beyond scar No spontaneous regression Recurs after simple excision Raised , very vascular, itchy , painful
47
Complications keloids
``` Ilcers Infection Malignant change Itching Tenderness ```
48
Treatment keloids
Excision + radiotherapy Or excision + steroid injection o Triple therapy => surgery, radiation , steroid Compression therapy Button therea[py Zinc oxide Ear clip Silicone cream
49
Hypertrophic scar treatment
Reassurance Left alone Spontaneous regression
50
Benign papilloma characteristics
``` Plaques, Pedunculated, or variable shape Normal color Soft Incompressible Not enlarged ```
51
Treatment of benign papilloma
Excision biopsy
52
I
53
Type of malignant tumor common in blacks
Squamous cell carcinoma
54
Type of tumor common in whites
Basal cell carcinoma | Malignant melanoma
55
Risks factor of malignant skin cancer
``` Chronic ulcers Solar and ionizing radiations Carcinogenic chemicals Discoid lupus Hydradenitis suppurativa Albinism Xeroderma pigmentosa Advancing age ```
56
Percentage of SCC in blacks
5%
57
2nd commonest skin cancer
SCC
58
Scc macro
Ulcerated lesion Raised everted edges Indurated/ oedematous base Dirty/nodular floor
59
Histo SCC
Well differentiated Keratinizing lesiosn Nest cells
60
SCC investigations
X rays | Biopsy
61
Treatment SCC
See slide

7- Surgery (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions