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MS Week 1 > Superficial Back, Deltoid, Scapular regions > Flashcards

Superficial Back, Deltoid, Scapular regions Flashcards

1
Q

What structure do the muscles of the rotator cuff insert on?

A

The greater tubercle of the humerus

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2
Q

What structure do the long head of the triceps muscle take origin from?

A

The infraglenoid tubercle

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3
Q

What muscle and fossa lie above the spine of the scapula?

A

The supraspinous fossa and supraspinatus muscle

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4
Q

What muscle and fossa lie below the spine of the scapula?

A

Infraspinous fossa and infraspinatus muscle

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5
Q

Where was the growth plate of the humerus?

A

Anatomical neck, located just below the head of the humerus

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6
Q

Where is a common site of fractures of the humerus? Why is this significant?

A

The surgical neck, located at the end of the head of the humerus. The axillary nerve runs here

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7
Q

Where does the deltoid attach?

A

On the lateral side of the humerus, called the deltoid tuberosity

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8
Q

How many cervical vertebrae are there? What are the names of the first 2?

A

7, the atlas and the axis

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9
Q

How many cervical vertebrae are there? Thoracic? Lumbar? Sacral? Coccyx?

A

7, 12, 5, 1 (5 segments), 1 (3-4 segments)

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10
Q

What do the transverse processes of the thoracic vertebrae articulate to?

A

The ribs

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11
Q

Where does the trapezius muscle take origin? Where does it attach?

A

On the skull from the ligament of nuci, then down the spinous processes down to T12. They attach on the clavicle and spine of the scapula.

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12
Q

What nerve innervates the trapezius? what vasculature supplies it?

A

The accessory nerve, the 11th cranial nerve. The transverse cervical A/V. Together they make up a neurovascular bundle.

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13
Q

What two muscles does the accessory nerve supply? Where does it take origin?

A

The trapezius and the sternomastoid. Takes origin from the spinal cord then travels up to cranium (CN eleven) and back down to feed the muscles.

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14
Q

Where does the rhomboid minor run? Major?

A

From just below C7 to the spine of the scapula. Major fills in rest of medial border of the scapula.

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15
Q

What muscles do the suprascapular nerve** supply?

A

Supraspinatus and infraspinatus.

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16
Q

What is the function of the levator scapulae? What nerve supplies it?

A

To elevate the scapula, the dorsal scapular nerve.

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17
Q

Where is the latissimus dorsi? What is its function? What nerve** supplies it?

A

Just below the rhomboids, along the thoracic and lumbar spinous processes up to the axillary region. It functions to lift the body- think rock climbing or crutches.

Supplied by the thoracodorsal nerve! May be compressed by crutches

18
Q

What is the major function of the rhomboid major?

A

Retract the scapula

19
Q

What is the major function of the latissimus dorsi?

A

Extend the arm

20
Q

Which muscle is most significant for doing chin-ups?

A

The latissimus dorsi

21
Q

Where is the serratus anterior? Is it superficial or deer?

A

Takes origin from lateral side of ribs and inserts into the medial scapular border. It is seated deep, below the lat.

22
Q

What is the major function of the serratus anterior muscle?

A

Protracts the scapula and holds it against the thoracci wall. Positions the glenoid cavity.

23
Q

What muscle does the long thoracic nerve supply?

A

The serratus anterior

24
Q

What nerve injury results in a winged shoulder? What muscle does this nerve** supply?

A

The long thoracic nerve results in winged shoulder, it supplies the serratus anterior muscle.

25
Q

What structures form the triangle of auscultation? Why is this clinically relevant?

A

The trapezius, medial scapula and latissimus dorsi. Allows for clear auscultation of respiratory sounds if arms are folded in front of chest.

26
Q

Where is the deltoid muscle?

A

Takes origin on the inferior part of the spine of the scapula and radiates around to the acromion and clavicle.

27
Q

What are the functions of the deltoid?

A

Flex and medially rotate the humerus, abduct the humerus, and extend and laterally rotate the humerus.
*supraspinatus must INITIATE the abduction.

28
Q

What muscles does the axillary nerve** supply? What is significant about its location?

A

The deltoid and teres minor. It comes through the quadrangular space!

29
Q

What is the function of the subacromial bursa?

A

It is a purse of synovial fluid, lubricates the joint. Located on the head of the humerus, below the deltoid and acromion.

30
Q

What muscles make up the rotator cuff?

A

The supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and subscapularis.

31
Q

Where is the supraspinatus located? What is its function?

A

Originates off the supraspinatal fossa of the scapula, goes under the acromion and inserts on the anterior side of the greater tubercle of the humerus.

INITIATES abduction of the upper extremity.

32
Q

Where is the infraspinatus located? What is its function?

A

Originates from the infraspinatal fossa of the scapula and inserts on the posterior side of the greater tubercle of the humerus. Functions to laterally rotate the humerus.

33
Q

Where is the teres minor located?

A

Just below the infraspinatus, originates at the lateral border of scapula.

34
Q

Where is the teres major located? Is it bigger or smaller than the teres minor?

A

Located below the teres minor. Originates from lateral border of scapula and hits the ANTERIOR greater tubercle of the humerus. It is much larger than the teres minor.

35
Q

Where is the long head of the triceps located?

A

Originates on the intraglenoid tubercle of the scapula! It travels over the teres major and under the teres minor.

36
Q

What structures make up the quadrangular space? Why is this important?

A

Superior- teres minor
Inferior- teres major
Medial- long head of triceps
Lateral- Humerus

The axillary nerve runs through this!

37
Q

Where is the suprascapular notch located? Why is it significant?

A

Located on the superior scapula, will find the suprascapular nerve in the notch which is protected by the suprascapular ligament.

38
Q

Where is the omohyoid muscle located?

A

Medial to the suprascapular notch, a neck muscle that attaches to the scapula.

39
Q

What is the function of the teres major?

A

Adduct and medially rotate the humerus

40
Q

What is the function of the suprasinatus?

A

Abduct the humerus

41
Q

What is the function of the infraspinatus and teres minor?

A

Laterally rotate the humerus

42
Q

Where is the subscapularis located? What is its function?

A

Originates on the anterior scapula and inserts on the head of the humerus. Functions to medially rotate the humerus.

MS Week 1 (11 decks)

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