Superficial back 1 Flashcards
What vertebra make up the sacrococcygeal curvature?
S1 to Co0
What is the pectoral girdle?
Clavicle and scapula
Vertebral curvature: secondary
Cervical and lumbar
What vertebra make up the lumbar curvature?
L1 to L5
The LS innervated by the _________ rami of ___________.
Anterior (ventral).
C3 and C4
What vertebra make up the thoracic curvature?
T2 to T12
The latissimus dorsi acts directly on the ______ and indirectly on the ________.
Directly - shoulder joint
Indirectly- pectoral girdle
What does the trap attach to? BASICS
The pectoral girdle to the skull and vertebral column.
What does the levator attach to? What does it do?
It attaches to the posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of C1-4 AND the medial (vertebral) border of the scapula.
It helps the trap in elevating the scapulae and maintaining its level.
What vertebra make up the cervical curvature?
C1 to T2
Which muscle groups are considered extrinsic?
Superficial and intermediate
What is the rhomboid minor attached to?
Ligamentum nuchae and C7/T1 to the medial border of the scapula
What is the LD innervated by? And what does it do?
The thoracodorsal nerve.
It extends, adducts and medially rotates the humerus.
Which muscles are involved in upper limb rotation?
Trapezius and latissimus dorsi.
What is the levator scapulae innervated by?
The dorsal scapular nerve AND cervical nerves C3 and C4.
What does extrinsic mean?
It means that these muscles are involved in limb movement and respiration.
What are the rhomboids innervated by?
The dorsal scapular nerve and C3 and C4.
What is the rhomboid major attached to?
Originates in the spines of T2-5 and inserts into the medial border of the scap
Describe the location of the rhomboids. What do they do?
They pass inferolaterally from the vertebral to the medial border of the scapula.
They retract the scapula (bracing back the shoulders) and elevate and maintain is level. It also helps fix the scapula to the thoracic wall.
What muscle group is involved with limb movement? And which with respiration?
Superficial muscles are involved in limb movement and is intermediate muscles are involved in respiration.
What are the 3 fiber groups of the trapezius and what do they do?
Superior- elevates the scapula
Middle- adduct the scapula (move medially)
Inferior- depress (move inferiorly) and adduct the scapula
What are the 3 origins and insertions of the trapezius?
- The descending part originates from the occipital bone and the spinous processes of C1 to C7 and inserts onto the lateral third of the clavicle.
- The transverse part originates from the aponeuroses at the spinous processes of T1 to T4 and inserts onto the acromion of scap.
- The ascending part originates from the spinous processes of T5 to T12 and inserts onto the scapular spine.
What does the trapezius do in general? And what is it innervated by?
It assists in suspending the upper limb. It’s innervated by CNXI11 (accessory nerve).
Vertebra curvatures: primary
Thoracic and sacrococcygeal
What muscles make up the deep extrinsics?
Levator scapulae and rhomboid major/minor
Axial skeleton is composed of
Skull
Vertebral column
Rib cage
Hyoid
Number of vertebrae
33 7 cervical 12 thoracic 5 lumbar 5 sacral 5 coccygeal
What is the cough muscle?
The latissimus dorsi
What are the 4 origins of the latissimus dorsi? And what insertion do they share?
- Thoracic vertebrae 6/7-12
- Scapula
- Costals lesser tuberosity of the humerus
- Iliac crest