Sunderland: urban functions and land use patterns Flashcards
why has the layout and structure developed the way it has?
due to industrialisation in 19th century with massive population growth and development of shipbuilding, coal and gas industries
how many industrial sectors developed?
2 sectors radiating from centre
1) following wear valley
2) extending south along coast
Why can Sunderland not expand eastwards?
due to the sea (north sea)
What else developed in the19th century besides industrialisation?
a sector of 19th century terraced housing developed SE of CBD following coastline
In the 1950’s what did slum development lead to?
some development of these areas
what happened in the 1980’s?
industry in Sunderland (already declining) was hit hard by foreign competition. Deindustrialisation left derelict land along the river
what did the inter-war period see?
saw large areas of semi-detached and detached suburb housing
What happened in the 20th century?
city continued to expand with most growth along main roads. Housing had low density and this reflected rising living standards
In the 1950/60’s what did councils do?
councils built large suburban council estates West towards A19
political factors played a role-tackled problems of housing shortages and slum housing by building large suburban council estates e.g Pennywell
In the 1990’s much of the river was regenerated, leading to…
new jobs
land uses
new urban morphology
the river ware ran through the centre until what year?
1796
inner city zone of high density had what type of housing?
low quality terraced housing on both sides of the river
What investment has take place along side the river?
Upmarket offices, luxury apartments clubs, pubs, restaurants, National Glass Centre, Sunderland’s FC new stadium
