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Art Section 4 > Sun Tunnels > Flashcards

Sun Tunnels Flashcards

1
Q

Made “Sun Tunnels”

A

Nancy Holt

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2
Q

Where was Nancy Holt born and raised

A

Worcester, Massachusetts and raised in New Jersey

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3
Q

What did Holt study at Tufts University

A

Biology

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4
Q

In which art movements did Holt work

A

Land art and conceptual art

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5
Q

With whom did Holt collaborate on the film “East Coast/West Coast”

A

Robert Smithson

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6
Q

Who is Holt’s husband

A

Robert Smithson

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7
Q

Various media’s of Holt

A

site-based sculpture, poetry, sound art, film, video, photography, artist’s books, and drawing.

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8
Q

Where did Holt move her practice in 1995

A

Galisteo, New Mexico

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9
Q

One of the prime examples of outdoor Earthworks of the Land art movement

A

Sun Tunnels

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10
Q

What does “Sun Tunnels” consist of

A

4 large concrete cylinders set into the Great Basin Desert in Utah, configured in the shape of an “X” that measures 86 feet on the diagonal

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11
Q

Where is “Sun Tunnels” located

A

The Great Basin Desert in Utah

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12
Q

(Sun Tunnels) What shape does the configuration of the cylinders form

A

An “X”

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13
Q

Which solstices do the “Sun Tunnels” align with

A

The summer and winter solstices on June 21 and December 21

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14
Q

(Sun Tunnels) What constellations are represented by the holes in the cylinders

A

Draco, Perseus, Columba, and Capricorn

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15
Q

(Sun Tunnels) What can visitors do with the cylinders

A

Walk through them

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16
Q

(Sun Tunnels) The dimension of the “X”

A

86 ft on the diagonal

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17
Q

How much does each cylinder in “Sun Tunnels” weigh

A

22 tons

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18
Q

Who assisted Holt in the production of “Sun Tunnels”

A

Local contractors - thye drove the cylinders to the site and placed them in concrete foundations

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19
Q

What impression do the concrete foundations give about the cylinders’ placement

A

That they sit flatly on the desert floor

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20
Q

In which magazine did Holt publish her essay about “Sun Tunnels”

A

Artforum magazine in the April 1977 issue

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21
Q

When was Holt’s essay “Sun Tunnels” published

A

April 1977

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22
Q

What location did Holt connect with when she first visited the western United States

A

The desert

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23
Q

Who accompanied Holt on her first trip out West

A

Robert Smithson and Michael Heizer

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24
Q

What place in New Jersey did Holt compare to the western desert’s spaciousness

A

The Pine Barrens in southern New Jersey

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25
Q

How long did it take Holt to plan and execute “Sun Tunnels”

A

3 years

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26
Q

Where did Holt first begin planning “Sun Tunnels”

A

Amarillo, Texas

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27
Q

What Earthwork was Robert Smithson working on when Holt began planning “Sun Tunnels”

A

Amarillo Ramp

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28
Q

What happened to Robert Smithson on July 20

A

He crashed and died while flying over the site of “Amarillo Ramp”

29
Q

Who helped Holt complete “Amarillo Ramp” after Smithson’s death

A

Other artist friends

30
Q

What video work did Holt create with Richard Serra

A

Boomerang

31
Q

Where was “Boomerang” created

A

In an Amarillo television studio

32
Q

In which states did Holt search for a site for “Sun Tunnels”

A

New Mexico, Arizona, and Utah

33
Q

What characteristics did Holt seek for the “Sun Tunnels” site

A

Flat ground with a full ring of low mountains visible in the background

34
Q

(Sun Tunnels) What was the former location of the site Holt settled on

A

An ancient body of water called Lake Bonneville in norther Utah

35
Q

What universal cycles do the completed “Sun Tunnels” invoke

A

The cycles of time through their alignment with the patterns of the rising and setting sun along the Earth’s orbit

36
Q

(Sun Tunnels) What unusual markings appeared within the interior of each concrete tube in the years before Holt’s death

A

Circular markings

37
Q

(Sun Tunnels) What did Holt surmise caused the circular markings inside the tunnels

A

Bullets shot through the tunnels by local residents

38
Q

How did Holt view the circular markings in relation to “Sun Tunnels”

A

She understood them to be a part of “Sun Tunnels”’ life in its environment and thought they should be left untouched by art conservators

39
Q

In what year did Nancy Holt pass away

A

2014

40
Q

What did Holt create following the completion of “Sun Tunnels”

A

A film depicting the creation of “Sun Tunnels”

41
Q

What does Holt emphasize in her film about “Sun Tunnels”

A

The importance of working with skilled laborers and experts in other fields

42
Q

How does the visibility of “Sun Tunnels” compare to similarly well-known artworks

A

“Sun Tunnels” is a remote artwork that relatively few visitors have seen

43
Q

Made “Dark Star Park”

A

Nancy Holt

44
Q

Over what period did Holt create “Dark Star Park”

A

From 1979 to 1984

45
Q

Holt created art pieces through the period 1979 to 1984 at

A

Rosslyn neighborhood of Arlington, Virginia

46
Q

What organizations provided funding for “Dark Star Park”

A

The National Endowment for the Arts, Arlington County, and nearly a dozen local businesses

47
Q

What type of site was transformed into “Dark Star Park”

A

A debris-ridden site that had formerly housed a gas station and warehouse

48
Q

What was the purpose of commissioning “Dark Star Park”

A

To accompany the construction of an office building at a narrow intersection of several streets feeding traffic into nearby Washington D.C.

49
Q

How does “Dark Star Park” engage with visitors

A

It communicates with visitors passing on foot and those in cars

50
Q

What materials make up “Dark Star Park”

A

Concrete spheres, tunnels, metal poles, circular pools, and vegetation

51
Q

(Dark Star Park) What does Holt’s work create through its sculptural arrangement

A

A complex arrangement that plays upon a series of framed sightlines

52
Q

How does the viewer’s approach affect the experience of “Dark Star Park”

A

The sightlines change with the direction and speed of the approaching viewer

53
Q

What patterns does “Dark Star Park” operate between

A

The real time spent looking at the artwork and more permanent celestial patterns

54
Q

What unique feature aligns with the sun’s shadows in “Dark Star Park”

A

Shaped metal “shadows” on the ground

55
Q

(Dark Star Park) At what precise time do the metal shadows align with the actual shadows cast by the sun

A

9:32 am on August 1 each year

56
Q

Besides the visual experience, what other quality does “Dark Star Park” embody

A

A cyclical time calibrated to the movement of the sun

57
Q

Time of the day that is an arbitrary choice by the artist

A

0.39722222222222214

58
Q

What is the significance of the date August 1 in relation to “Dark Star Park”

A

It references the day in 1860 that William Henry Ross purchased the land from his father-in-law that would later be named Rosslyn

59
Q

What did Holt say about selecting August 1 for the shadow patterns

A

She mentioned that it integrated the historical time of the place with the cyclical universal time of the sun

60
Q

What does the site of “Dark Star Park” symbolically celebrate

A

The founding of Rosslyn and its proximity to the nation’s capital

61
Q

What aspect of the land does “Dark Star Park” aim to recuperate

A

A formerly derelict and polluted plot of land

62
Q

What is the title of the video work Holt produced in response to “Dark Star Park”

A

“Art in the Public Eye: The Making of Dark Star Park” (1988)

63
Q

(Dark Star Park) Why was the video created

A

It was made on the occasion of the fourth anniversary of the park

64
Q

How did Holt describe the site before the creation of “Dark Star Park”

A

She described it as a “trash site” that had been a gas station and turned into a place with broken asphalt, weeds, and broken bottles

65
Q

What motivated Holt to create “Dark Star Park”

A

She felt there was an overwhelming need for a park in that location

66
Q

(Dark Star Park) What does Holt indicate about the condition of the site prior to the park’s development

A

It was not even a proper parking lot; it was a disordered place where people parked, marked by broken asphalt and debris

67
Q

Who are the individuals featured in the video discussing “Dark Star Park”

A

The developer of the adjoining Park Place office building, the owner of the swimming pool construction company that crafted Dark Star Park’s spheres with shotcrete, the construction foreman, and the landscape architect

68
Q

What realization does Holt express about art and its creation

A

She realizes how much art comes out of the matrix of society and how things are simply put together

69
Q

What systems do “Sun Tunnels” and “Dark Star Park” address according to Holt

A

They address the systems that humans use to understand and experience time

Art Section 4 (11 decks)

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