Summer Words for AP Flashcards
a, ab
from, away from; by
ac, atque
and, and also; as, than
ad
to, toward, near; (with numerals and dates) about; at, by
aut; aut…aut
or, either; either…or
cum (prep w/ abl.)
with
cum (conj.)
when, since; although
do,
dare, dedi, datum
to give, put, appoint; to grant, honor
et; et…et
and, both, also, even; both…and
hic,
haec, hoc
this, these; the latter; he, she, it
ille,
illa, illud
that, those; the former; he, she, it
in
w/abl: in, on; among
w/acc: into, onto, to; against; over; among; for
ipse,
ipsa, ipsum
himself, herself, itself, myself, yourself, themselves; very; he, she, it
magnus,
magna, magnum
great, large, huge; mighty, loud
nec, neque; nec…nec
not, nor, and…not, neither; neither…nor
non
not, no, by no means
omnis,
omne
all every, whole; as a whole
per
through, along; by; throughout
-que
(enclitic conj.)
and, also, even
qui,
quae, quod
who, which; what; that; any
sum,
esse, fui, futurum
to be; to exist
si
if; when; whether
video
vidēre, vidi, visum
to see, perceive; to understand; to be seen, (as deponent) to seem
altus,
alta, altum
high, lofty; deep, profound; (as a noun) the sea
animus,
animi, m.
soul, spirit, heart; courage
arma,
armorum, n pl.
weapons, arms; utensils, equipment
deus,
dei, m.
god, deity
dico,
dicere, dixi, dictum
to say, speak; to name, define
ego,
mei, mihi, me, me
I, me
ferro,
ferre, tuli, latum
to bring, carry; to wear; to report
hic
here
iam
now, already
ignis,
ignis, m.
fire, light, lightning; passion, fury
ne
not; do not; lest
-ne
(enclitic)
introduces a yes/no question
nunc
now
primus,
prima, primum
first, chief, excellent
quis,
quis, quid
who, what
sed
but
sic
thus, in such a way
talis,
talis, tale
such, of such a kind
terra,
terrae, f.
earth, land, soil
tu,
tui, tibi, te, te
you (sg.)
tum
then, at that time, further
urbs,
urbis, f.
city
vir,
viri, m.
man, male; her; husband
bellum,
belli, n.
war
castra,
castrorum, n pl.
(military) camp
civitas,
civitatis, f.
state
consilium,
consilii, n.
advice; plan; council
de
down from, from; about, concerning; for
dico,
dicere, dixi, dictum
to say; to set, appoint; to administer; to plead
dies,
diei, m/f.
day
in dies
every day
e, ex
out of; from; of; on; according to
facio,
facere, feci, factum
to do; make; to achieve; o carry out
fines,
finium, m pl.
borders; land, territory
Gallia,
Galliae, f.
(region of) Gaul
Gallus,
Galli, m.
(inhabitant of) Gaul
habeo,
habēre, habui, habitum
to have; to hold; to keep; to make (a speech); to take (account); to regard, consider
Helvetius,
Helvetia, Helvetium
Helvetian
hiberna,
hibernorum, n pl.
winter quarters
homo,
hominis, m/f.
human, person
idem,
eadem, idem
the same
inter
between, among
is,
ea, id
this; that; he, she, it
iter,
itineris, n.
journey, march, route
iubeo,
iubēre, iussi, iussum
to order
legatus,
legati, m.
envoy, ambassador; lieutenant
legio,
legionis, f.
legion
locus,
loci, m.
place, position; rank
miles,
militis, m.
soldier
mitto,
mittere, misi, missum
to send
multitudo,
multitudinis, f.
crowd, multitude
navis,
navis, f.
ship
navis longa
warship
noster,
nostra, nostrum
our
pars,
partis, f
part: direction: side
possum,
posse, potui
to be able, be powerful; to be possible
pro
in front of, before; for, as; considering
proelium,
proeli, n.
battle
quod
(conj.)
because, the fact that
propterea quod
for the very reason that
res,
rei, f.
thing; matter; affair; circumstance; supply; purpose; experience
res publica
republic
res gesta
deed
su,
sui, sibi, se (sese), se (sese)
himself, herself, itself, themselves; him, her, it, them; (as subject of infinitive) he, she, it, they
suus,
sua, suum
his, her, its, their (own)
unus,
una, unum
one, only
ut,
uti
as, so that, to…; that
aliquis,
aliquis, aliquid
someone, anyone, something
alius,
alia, aliud
another, other, else
amor,
amoris, m.
love, affection, Cupid (proper noun)
ante
(prep) before, in front of
(adv) previously
arx,
arcis, f.
fortress, citadel; hill, peak
aspicio,
aspicere, aspexi, aspectum
to look at, behold
bellum,
belli, n.
war, combat, fight
caelum,
caeli, n.
sky
caput,
capitis, n.
head, summit; person
circum
around; at; near
corpus,
corporis, n.
body
de
down from, away from; concerning, about
dexter,
dextra, dextrum
right, to the right; skillful; favorable
duco,
ducere, duxi, ductum
to lead, guide; to conduct; to choose; to think
eo,
īre, ii (or ivi), itum
to go, walk, move; to ride; to sail
erro,
errāre, erravi, erratum
to wander, roam; to be mistaken
e, ex
out of, from; according to
fama,
famae, f.
report, rumor, saying
fatum,
fati,n.
fate, prediction
fluctus,
fluctūs, m.
wave, tide, surge
for,
fāri, fatus sum
to say, speak
gens,
gentis, f.
race, clan; descendant
ingens,
ingens, ingentis
huge, massive, extraordinary
ira,
irae, f.
anger, fury, hatred
Italia,
Italiae, f.
Italy
iubeo,
iubēre, iussi, iussum
to order, command; to tell
labor,
laboris, m.
labor, work; hardship, suffering
latus,
lata, latum
wide, extensive, spacious
litus,
litoris, n.
shore, beach
manus,
manūs, f.
hand; group, band; handwork
medius,
media, medium
middle, the middle
meus,
mea, meum
my, mine
multus,
multa, multum
much, many (pl)
navis,
navis, f.
ship; fleet (pl)
noster,
nostra, nostrum
our, ours
oculus,
oculi, m.
eye
os,
oris, n.
mouth; face; expression
pater,
patris, m.
father; ancestor
pectus,
pectoris, n.
chest, breast, heart
peto,
petere, petivi, petitum
to look for, seek; to attack; to scan
regina,
reginae, f.
queen
regnum,
regni, n.
kingdom, realm; rule
saxum,
saxi,n.
boulder, stone, large rock
sub
w/abl: under, at the foot of
w/acc: to, toward, up to
summus,
summa, summum
highest, loftiest, supreme, the top of
tantus,
tanta, tantum
so great, so much, so large
teneo,
tenēre, tenui, tentum
to hold, have; to occupy; to hold back
Troia,
Troiae, f.
Troy
tuus,
tua, tuum
your (sg)
ubi
where, when
umbra,
umbrae, f.
shadow, shade; ghost
unda,
undae, f.
wave; water, sea
ut
as; when; so that; to; how!
venio,
venīre, veni, ventum
to come, arrive; to go
ventus,
venti, m.
wind, breeze
accido,
accidere, accidi
to happen
accipio,
accipere, accepi, acceptum
to receive; to hear
alius,
alia, aliud
other, another; else; (pl.) others, some
alter,
altera, alterum
the one…the other, another
annus,
anni, m.
year
arbitror,
arbitrāri, arbitratus sum
to think, consider
arma,
armorum, n pl.
weapons, arms
capio,
capere, cepi, captum
to seize, take;
consilium capere
to form, make
causa,
causae, f.
cause, reason; case
causa
for the sake of
coepi,
coepisse, coeptum
to have begun
cognosco,
cognoscere, cognovi, cognitum
to learn, learn about
cogo,
cogere, coegi, coactum
to drive together, collect; to compel, force
conicio,
conicere, conieci, coniectum
to throw, hurl
constituo,
constituere, constitui, constitutum
to establish, decide
convenio,
convenīre, conveni, conventum
to come together, gather, meet
copia,
copiae, f.
supply; resource; (pl.) forces, troops, supplies
discedo,
discedere, discessi, discessurus
to depart`
eques,
equitis, m.
horseman; knight; (pl.) cavalry
exercitus,
exercitūs, m.
army
existimo,
existimāre, existimavi, existimatum
to think, consider
facile
easily
flumen,
fluminis, n.
river
frumentum,
frumenti, n.
grain
genus,
generis, n
birth, origin; kind, class
Germani,
Germanorum, m pl.
Germans
gravis,
gravis, grave
heavy; serious; severe
interficio,
interficere, interfici, interfectum
to kill
littera,
litterarum, f pl.
letter, epistle; letters (of the alphabet); writing, writings
longe
far, at a distance; by far
manus,
manūs, f.
hand; nad, force (of an army)
mille,
(pl) milia
thousand
mors,
mortis, f.
death
multus,
multa, multum
much; (pl.) many
ne
so that not, not to…; (after clauses of fearing) that
ne quidem
not
nihil
n. (indecl)
nothing, not anythinig; (w/ gen.) no
nox,
noctis, f.
night
nullus,
nulla, nullum
no
non nullus
some
numerus,
numeri, m.
number
ordo,
ordinis, m.
rank, position
periculum,
periculi, n.
danger
persuadeo,
persuadēre, persuasi, persuasum to persuade (w/ dat.)
populus,
populi, m.
people, nation
primus,
prima, primum
first
profiscor,
profisci, profectus sum
to set out, depart
proximus,
proxima, proximum
nearest, next
publicus,
publica,, publicum
public, common
pugno,
pugnāre, pugnavi, pugnatum
to fight
quam
as, than; (w/ superlative) as…as possible
post(ea) quam
after
prius quam
before
quis,
quis, quid
who, what (after si, nisi, num, ne)
recipio,
recipere, recepi, receptum
to receive
se recipere
to go; to withdraw; to recover
Rhenus,
Rheni, m.
Rhine (river between Gaul and Germany)
salus,
salutis, f.
well-being, safety
sed
but