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ELS 2ND QUARTER > Summative > Flashcards

Summative Flashcards

1
Q

Type of asexual reproduction that occurs when an organism wants to regrow a lost limb or any other part of the body

A

regeneration

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2
Q

Types of sexual reproduction and examples of organisms that reproduce sexually except what

A

oviparous and ovoviviparous

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3
Q

examples of organisms that fertilize their eggs externally

A

corals, fishes, frogs

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4
Q

Cell division in prokaryotes that form two genetically identical cells

A

binary fission

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5
Q

drosophila melanogaster has 4 chromosomes while normal humans have how many chromosomes?

A

46

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6
Q

The offspring inherits units of information from their parents. Responsible for family resemblance that is made up of information-rich molecules called DNA

A

genes

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7
Q

Organisms that are made up of one cell

A

unicellular organism

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8
Q

AMong prokaryotes, only cyanobacteria

A

Produce oxygen during photosynthesis

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9
Q

It is believed that life arose on Earth from inanimate matter after Earth had cooled.

A

origin from nonliving matter

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10
Q

organisms that were first living things to populate the surface of the land

A

protists

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11
Q

true or false:
“The single-celled organisms that formed multicellular aggregates were like the cells of algae.”

A

false

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12
Q

scientist that disproved of spontaneous generation using maggots in decaying meat

A

Francisco Redi

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13
Q

compared to a body cell, how many chromosomes in a gamete?

A

half as many chromosomes

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14
Q

a parent organism will not need a mate or a partner for it to produce offspring. what type of reproduction?

A

asexual

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15
Q

true or false:
“stromatolites consist of layered bacteria and sediment.”

A

true

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16
Q

this scientist convinced most scientists that spontaneous generation could not occur.

A

louis pasteur’s experiment

17
Q

true or false:
“prokaryotes are not capable of making their own food.”

A

false

18
Q

when did the early forms of life exist?

A

3.5 billion years ago

19
Q

why did the emergence of plants and animals came later than simple living organisms?

A

their cell structures are more complex

20
Q

true or false:
“the oral cavity, pharynx, small and large intestines, and rectum are the main organs of the digestive system.”

A

false

21
Q

true or false:
“genetic engineering has been applied to modify the characteristics of plant species so that they can have a bigger yield and provide more food.”

A

true

22
Q

true or false:
“salivary glands, liver, gall bladder, and pancreas form the accessory organs of the digestive system.”

A

True

23
Q

true or false:
“foods with genetically modified components will be labeled.”

A

false

24
Q

true or false:
“some gmo-derived food products do not contain additives that will give harmful effects on the body.”

A

false

25
Q

true or false:
“the general function of a kidney are to maintain homeostasis, regulate constituents of blood, and remove harmful substances from the body.”

A

true

26
Q

true or false:
“the important aspect of nutrition is digestion.”

A

true

27
Q

A group or community of organisms interacting with their physical environment.

A

ecosystem

28
Q

The formation of new combinations of alleles or new genes occurs when two homologous DNA or chromosomes break and exchange parts.

A

recombination

29
Q

Adaptation allows life forms to acquire new characteristics in response to their environment through the process of natural selection.

A

Evolution and diversity

30
Q

An identical copy of an individual organism, a cell, or a gene, or the totality of all the identical copies made from an individual organism’s cell or gene.

A

Clone

31
Q

The maintenance of internal conditions of an organism within a certain range.

A

Homeostasis

32
Q

The smallest unit of biological structure that meets the functional requirements of “living”.

A

Cell

33
Q

A piece of parasitic genetic material found in a cell that can propagate itself using the cell’s energetic resources.

A

Plasmid

34
Q

The direct altering of an organism’s genome. This is achieved through the manipulation of the DNA.

A

Genetic Engineering

35
Q

Different mechanisms enable organisms to regulate their internal environment despite changes in their external environment.

A

Regulation

36
Q

When a cell divides, it copies its DNA and passes this genetic information on to each of the two cells it produces.

A

Reproduction and Inheritance

37
Q

No organism is completely isolated from its surroundings. Plants obtain water and nutrients from the soil, carbon dioxide from the air, and energy from sunlight.

A

Environmental Interaction

38
Q

An organized group of related parts that interact to form a whole.

A

System

ELS 2ND QUARTER (9 decks)

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