Summative Flashcards
Type of asexual reproduction that occurs when an organism wants to regrow a lost limb or any other part of the body
regeneration
Types of sexual reproduction and examples of organisms that reproduce sexually except what
oviparous and ovoviviparous
examples of organisms that fertilize their eggs externally
corals, fishes, frogs
Cell division in prokaryotes that form two genetically identical cells
binary fission
drosophila melanogaster has 4 chromosomes while normal humans have how many chromosomes?
46
The offspring inherits units of information from their parents. Responsible for family resemblance that is made up of information-rich molecules called DNA
genes
Organisms that are made up of one cell
unicellular organism
AMong prokaryotes, only cyanobacteria
Produce oxygen during photosynthesis
It is believed that life arose on Earth from inanimate matter after Earth had cooled.
origin from nonliving matter
organisms that were first living things to populate the surface of the land
protists
true or false:
“The single-celled organisms that formed multicellular aggregates were like the cells of algae.”
false
scientist that disproved of spontaneous generation using maggots in decaying meat
Francisco Redi
compared to a body cell, how many chromosomes in a gamete?
half as many chromosomes
a parent organism will not need a mate or a partner for it to produce offspring. what type of reproduction?
asexual
true or false:
“stromatolites consist of layered bacteria and sediment.”
true
this scientist convinced most scientists that spontaneous generation could not occur.
louis pasteur’s experiment
true or false:
“prokaryotes are not capable of making their own food.”
false
when did the early forms of life exist?
3.5 billion years ago
why did the emergence of plants and animals came later than simple living organisms?
their cell structures are more complex
true or false:
“the oral cavity, pharynx, small and large intestines, and rectum are the main organs of the digestive system.”
false
true or false:
“genetic engineering has been applied to modify the characteristics of plant species so that they can have a bigger yield and provide more food.”
true
true or false:
“salivary glands, liver, gall bladder, and pancreas form the accessory organs of the digestive system.”
True
true or false:
“foods with genetically modified components will be labeled.”
false
true or false:
“some gmo-derived food products do not contain additives that will give harmful effects on the body.”
false
true or false:
“the general function of a kidney are to maintain homeostasis, regulate constituents of blood, and remove harmful substances from the body.”
true
true or false:
“the important aspect of nutrition is digestion.”
true
A group or community of organisms interacting with their physical environment.
ecosystem
The formation of new combinations of alleles or new genes occurs when two homologous DNA or chromosomes break and exchange parts.
recombination
Adaptation allows life forms to acquire new characteristics in response to their environment through the process of natural selection.
Evolution and diversity
An identical copy of an individual organism, a cell, or a gene, or the totality of all the identical copies made from an individual organism’s cell or gene.
Clone
The maintenance of internal conditions of an organism within a certain range.
Homeostasis
The smallest unit of biological structure that meets the functional requirements of “living”.
Cell
A piece of parasitic genetic material found in a cell that can propagate itself using the cell’s energetic resources.
Plasmid
The direct altering of an organism’s genome. This is achieved through the manipulation of the DNA.
Genetic Engineering
Different mechanisms enable organisms to regulate their internal environment despite changes in their external environment.
Regulation
When a cell divides, it copies its DNA and passes this genetic information on to each of the two cells it produces.
Reproduction and Inheritance
No organism is completely isolated from its surroundings. Plants obtain water and nutrients from the soil, carbon dioxide from the air, and energy from sunlight.
Environmental Interaction
An organized group of related parts that interact to form a whole.
System
