(Summary) Senses Flashcards
__ is the system that provides information about the body senses, including touch,
movement, pain, and temperature.
Somatosensory System
__ is the sensory system that provides information about the position and movement of the head.
Vestibular System
__ is a structure in the inner ear vestibular system that provides information about the angle of the head relative to the ground and about linear acceleration.
Otolith organ
__ is one of the three looping chambers found in the inner ear that provide information regarding the rotation of the head.
Semicircular Canal
__ and __ are the structures of the otolith organs.
Saccule
Utricle
__ is the force perceived when our rate of movement changes.
Linear Acceleration
__ is a stone made of calcium carbonate that is attached to the hair cells in the otolith organs.
Otolith
__ is the nucleus of the thalamus that receives information regarding pain, touch, and the position and movement of the head.
Ventral Posterior (VP) Nucleus
__ is the cortex located in the postcentral gyrus of the parietal lobe that is responsible for the initial cortical processing of somatosensory input.
Primary Somatosensory Cortex
__ is hairless skin.
Glabrous Skin
__ is the outermost layer of the skin.
Epidermis
__ is the layer of skin lying below the outermost epidermis.
Dermis
__ is the layer of tissue lying below the dermis.
Subcutaneous Tissue
__ is a skin receptor that senses touch, pressure, or vibration.
Mechanoreceptor
__ is a mechanoreceptor in which the axon fibers are surrounded by a fluid0filled capsule formed of connective tissue.
Encapsulated Receptor
__ is an encapsulated, fast-adapting mechanoreceptor with small receptive filed that responds primarily to pressure.
Meissner’s corpusle
__ is an encapsulated, rapidly adapting mechanoreceptor with large receptive field that provides information about pressure and vibration.
Pacinian Corpuscle
__ is a nonencapsulated, slow-adapting mechanoreceptor with small receptive field that provides information primarily about pressure.
Merkel’s Disk
__ is a nonencapsulated, slow-adapting mechanoreceptor with large receptive field that provides information regarding stretch.
Ruffini’s Ending
__ is a myelinated fiber that carries information about cold and sharp pain to the central nervous system.
Aδ (alpha-delta) fiber
__ is a small, unmyelinated fiber that carries information about temperature, itch m and dull, aching pain to the central nervous system.
C fiber
__ is the area of the skin surface served by the dorsal roots of one spinal segment.
Dermatome
__ is the spinal pathway that carries information about touch and position to the medulla.
Dorsal Column
__ is the pathway originating in the dorsal column nuclei and synapsing in the ventral posterior (VP) nucleus of the thalamus that is responsible for carrying information about touch and position.
Medial Lemniscus
__ is a nerve that carries sensation from mechanoreceptors, temperature receptors, and pain receptors in the skin of the face, mouth, tongue, and the dura mater of the brain.
Trigeminal Nerve
__ are areas in the parietal lobe adjacent to primary somatosensory cortex that process a wide variety of complex somatosensory inputs.
Secondary Somatosensory Cortex
__ is a nerve ending in the skin that responds to surface temperature.
Thermoreceptor
__ is a nerve ending in the skin that responds to heat.
Warm Fiber
__ is a nerve ending in the skin that responds to cold.
Cold Fiber
__ is a nerve ending that responds to painful stimuli.
Nociceptor
__ is a group of cells in the outer gray matter of the dorsal horn that receive synapses from pain fibers.
Substantia Gelatonosa
__ is a neurotransmitter substance associated with the sense of pain that also serves as a stimulus at some nociceptors.
Substance P
__ are fibers that carry pain and temperature information from the substantia gelatinase to the thalamus.
Spinothalamic Pathway
__ is a nucleus in the brainstem that receives pain and temperature information from the head and neck.
Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus
__ is a pathway carrying pain and temperature information from the spinal trigeminal nucleus to the thalamus.
Trigeminal Lemniscus
__ is one of many nuclei in the thalamus that receive some pain and temperature input.
Intralaminar Nucleus
__ is the sense of smell.
Olfaction
__ is the layer in the nasal cavity containing olfactory receptors.
Olfactory epithelium
__ are structures found within the olfactory bulbs.
Glomeruli
__ is a fiber pathway connecting the olfactory bulbs to the olfactory cortex.
Olfactory tract
__ is the cortex in the frontal lobe that responds to the sense of smell.
Olfactory cortex
__ is one of the five basic taste groups, characteristics of tastes found in seaweed and other “meaty or savory” elements of Asian cuisine.
umami
__ are bumps on the tongue containing taste buds and taste receptors.
Papillae
__ are small fibers extending from taste receptors.
Microvilli
