Summary metabolism Flashcards
B-oxidation
four step enzyme-catalyzed process in which 2 carbon units from FA are oxidized to form acetyl-CoA and acyl-CoA
first step leading to b-oxidation
activation of FA acyl-CoA
activation of FA acyl-CoA
2 steps:
- add AMP (displaces PP)
- acyl CoA takes AMPs place
second step leading to B-oxidation
transport into mitochondria via carnitine shuttle
4 enzymes involved in B-oxidation
- Acyl CoA Dehydrogenase (FADH2)
- Enoyl CoA Hydratase
- B-hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenase (NADH)
- Thiolase (cleaves) FA acyl is shortened by 2
First dehydrogenase in B-oxidation transfers H to
FAD+
second (third step) dehydrogenase in B-oxifdation transfers H to
NAD+
FA synthesis
the creation to FA and reversal of B-oxidation - first acetyl CoA needs to be converted into manonyl-CoA and then FA synthase (complex with all enzymes )
what is the rate limiting step in FA synthesis
Acetyl CoA into Malonyl CoA
what promotes acetyl CoA into Malonyl in the first step in FA synth ?
insulin, ChREBS, citrate
high glucose, don’t need to be breaking down so promote building
what inhibit acetyl CoA into Malonyl in the first steep of FA synth
Glucagon (want to be breaking down FA not making )
Epi
AMPK
what type of FA synthase in animals and fungi
type 1
what type of FA synthase in plants and bacteria
type 2
what is ACP, what does it do?
acyl carrier protein , holds acyl to FA synthase
what 2 things do you need for the formation of malonyl-CoA from acetyl CoA
Biotin, and ACC (acetyl-CoA Carboxylase)
