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Pharm 2 > Sulfonamides > Flashcards

Sulfonamides Flashcards

1
Q

What do Sulfs do?

A

They work as PABA agonists to interfere in the synthesis of FA

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2
Q

4 characteristics of Sulfs

A

weak organic acid
wide pKA range
STATIC
synthetic

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3
Q

SHORT ACTING TID (5)

A 
SulFACEtamide *ophthalmic
SulFAMEthizole
SulFATHiozole
SulfiSOXazole *UTI
SulfaCHLORpyridazine *resp/enteric/great for newborns
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4
Q

SHORT ACTING SUMMARY

A 
FACE
FAME
FATH
SOX
CHLOR
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5
Q

INTERMEDIATE BID (4)

A

SulfameTHOXAzole (co-trimoxazole) UTI small animals
SulFAPYridine
SulfameTHAZINE/SulFADimidinefeedadditives+prophylactic
SulfaDIAzine

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6
Q

INTERMEDIATE SUMMARY

A

THOXA
FAPY
THAZINE/FAD
DIA

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7
Q

LONG LASTING SID (3)

A

SulfaDIMEthoxine
SulfameTHAZINE *intermediate as well! zeeeeeen
SulfaMETHOXYpyridazine

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8
Q

LONG LASTING SUMMARY

A

DIME
THAZINE *Intermediate as well!
METHOXY

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9
Q

Enteric Sulfs FEATURE

A

decreased solubility with limited absorption

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10
Q

ENTERIC SULFS (5)

A 
Succinylsulfathiozole
Sulfasalazine *colitis in dogs
Sulfaquinoxaline *coccidiosis
Sulfaguanidine
Phthalylsulfathiazole
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11
Q

TOPICAL SULFS

A

Silver sulfadiazine
Maferide
(Great absorption)

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12
Q

OPHTHALMIC

A

Sulfacetamide

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13
Q

SULFS ACT ON AND DON’T ACT ON

A

GRAM +/- (EXCEPT P.A)
AEROBIC
PROTOZOAS

DON’T WORK ON OBLIGATED ANAEROBIC/NECROTIC TISSUE

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14
Q

PHARM.KINETICS

Oral vs Parenteral

A

Oral: Great absorption but decreased absorption with enteric ones delayed absorption in ruminants

Parenteral: IM and SQ with buffered solution to prevent extravasation. Well absorbed

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15
Q

Distribution

A

Wide

Gets in all the fluids but in milk, low concentration so not good for treating mastitis.

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16
Q

Distribution depends on…

A

pKa and protein binding

17
Q

Metabolism

A

Major: Acetylation in liver and lungs

DOGS!!! Glucorinide conjugation and aromatic hydroxylation to make it water soluble

18
Q

Does acetylation yield water soluble metabolites like Glu and aromatic hydroxylation?

A

NO. so these less soluble metabolites settle in renal tubules= CRYSTALLURIA

19
Q

HOW to deal with crystalluria?

A

increase water intake to increase urine pH to ionize the drug so that it can leave the body

20
Q

Excretion via

A

Kidneys

1) glom filtration
2) tubular secretion
3) tubular reabsorption if acidic urine pH

21
Q

How do long acting sulfs get excreted?

A

enterohepatic recycling

tubular reabsorption

Pharm 2 (6 decks)

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