Lincosamides Flashcards
static or cidal
static
2 drug names in this group
1) lincomycin
2) clindamycin
Which of the 2 drugs is more effective?
clindamycin
Which of the 2 drugs is broad spectrum?
clindamycin
Which of the 2 drugs is more lipid soluble?
clindamycin
Which of the 2 drugs has an active metabolite?
clindamycin
MOA for lincosamides
they enter cell and bind to the 50S ribosomal subunit, inhibiting translocation of peptides
Which drug is responsible for the interference with the attachment and entry of TOXO gondii tachyzoites in host cells?
Clindamycin
Do macrolides and lincosamides compete for the site of action?
Yes, antagonism.
What is the spectrum for Lincomysin?
Gram+ aerobic.
Mycoplasma
NOT GRAM-!! but we can get around this…
Is it possible to treat G- with Lincomysin? If so, how?
Lincomycin AND spectinomycin used to treat G+/- mainly in swine and poultry
What is the spectrum for Clindamycin?
Gram+ and Gram-
Anaerobes
TOXO gondii
Lincomysin absorption is rapid and complete or incomplete?
incomplete
Can Lincomysin be given with food?
NO
Clindamycin absorption complete or incomplete?
Complete and high as well
Can Clind be given with food?
Not a problem
Parenteral IM: rapid and complete absorption for either drugs or both drugs?
BOTH
Are Lincosamides acids or bases?
Bases
Great or not so great distribution in the body?
great! they get high tissue concentrations even in respiratory secretions, bones, joints…etc
Which of the 2 drugs could be used to treat meningoencephalitis?
Clindamycin! because it can pass the BBB and reach high concentration. Can also cross the placental barrier.
How are the drugs metabolized?
Clindamycin: oxidized in the liver
Lincomycin: not important
Clindamycin has 2 active metabolites. What are they?
1) N-demethylclindamycin
2) Clindamycin sulfoxide
How are these drugs excreted?
Bile is primary route
Urine is secondary route
Overall side effects associated with this group of drugs?
Generally safe with a bit of diarrhea in dogs and vomiting in cats BUT……
ORAL ADMINISTRATION IS CONTRAINDICATED IN which animals?
chinchillas, G pigs, hamsters, horses, ponies and rabbits
Why can’t we give oral route to the fur babies?
because the drugs alter the GI flora resulting awful enterocolitis.
Lincomycin specifically causes what reaction in which animals?
Enterocolitis in rabbits, horses, sheep and large ruminants
Ketosis in dairy cows
Bacterial resistance is in the form of
efflux mechanism and ribosomal alteration
Can get cross reaction with
MLC
macrolides lines and chloramphenicols
Is this group of drugs Type 1 2 or 3?
Type 2!!! 2 for 2 drugs
