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Cosas general > Suffixes > Flashcards

Suffixes Flashcards

1
Q

-ura

Type of word: 
English equivalents (2): 
Used for (2):

Examples:

A

-ura

Type of word: noun
English equivalents: “-ness”, “-ght” / “-gth”

Used for:

1) “abstract nouns”
2) “the state of” the adjective they are derived from; adjective made into a concept

Examples: hondura (depth), ternura (tenderness), la cobertura (coverage, covering)

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2
Q

-ez & -eza

Type of word:
English equivalents:
Used for:
Notes:

Examples:

A

-ez & -eza

Type of word: noun
English equivalents: “-ness”, “-hood”, or “-ty”.
Used for: “abstract noun”; a state or condition
Notes: adjective or noun made into a concept

Examples: 
maduro – la madurez (maturity)
estúpido/a – la estupidez (stupidity)
la grandeza (greatness, grandeur)
la certeza (certainty, accuracy)
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3
Q

-dad

Type of word:
English equivalents:
Used for:

Examples:

A

-dad

Type of word: noun
English equivalents: mostly “ty”, sometimes “ness”, “ship”, “hood”
Used for: abstract nouns

Examples: Navidad (Nativity), Dualidad (duality), Calidad (quality), la maternidad/la paternidad (motherhood, maternity / fatherhood, paternity), la bondad (goodness, kindness)

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4
Q

-ería

Type of word:
English equivalents:
Used for:
Notes:

Examples:

A

-ería

Type of word: noun
English equivalents: “-ery” / “-ary”, “____ store”
Used for: “place where ___ is made/bought” or “things pertaining to ___”
Notes: always feminine

Examples: La peluquería (barbers), La cervecería (brewery), La lavandería (laundromat)

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5
Q

Diminutive suffixes (3 +2):

A

-ito / -ita (-cito / -cita when word doesn’t end in a, o or ‘te’)
“-illo / -illa” (-cillo, -cilla) (ES)
“-cico / -cica” (ES)

  • ote / -ota (also augmentative; positive or negative)
  • uelo / -uela (sometimes derogatory)
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6
Q

Augmentative suffixes (4+1):

A
  • ísimo / -ísima
  • ón / -ona (sometimes derogatory)
  • azo / -aza (also a hit/blow of something)
  • udo / -uda (mostly for fun e.g. peludo = hairy, furry)

-ote / -ota (also diminutive; positive or negative)

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7
Q

Derogatory suffixes (7):

A
  • ucho / -ucha
  • uelo / -uela (also diminutive)
  • ón / -ona (also augmentative)
  • ote / -ota (also diminutive; positive or negative)
  • aco, -aca
  • acho, -acha
  • ajo, -aja
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8
Q

-ote / -ota

Type of word:
Used for:

Examples:

A

-ote / -ota

Type of word: nouns or adjectives
Used for (3): diminutive; augmentative; derogatory

Examples: cabeza (head) — cabezota (a big-headed, stubborn person)
amigo (friend) — amigote (buddy, pal, mate)

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9
Q

-ucho / -ucha

Type of word:
Used for:

Examples:

A

-ucho / -ucha

Type of word: noun or adjective
Used for: derogatory suffix

Examples:
casa (house) — casucha (shack, hovel)
flaco (thin) — flacucho (skinny)
médico (doctor) — medicucho (quack, quackish)

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10
Q

-ón, -ona

Type of word:
Used for:

Notes (2):

Examples:

A

-ón, -ona

Type of word: noun or adjective
Used for: augmentative

Notes (2):

1) Nouns: feminine become masculine e.g. casa – el casón. Feminine adjective: ona
2) Infinitives: add to root of some to mean a sharp, sudden action e.g. apagar – apagón (blackout) or a derogatory value e.g. mirar – mirón/mirona (nosy)

Examples:
Llorar – llorón / Llorona (crybaby), tragar – tragón / tragona (greedy-guts, pig)
la puerta – el portón (gate), la cuchara – el cucharón (ladle)

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11
Q

uelo / -uela

Used for:

A

uelo / -uela

Used for: Diminutive & sometimes derogatory

e.g.
paño (cloth) — pañuelo (handkerchief)
ladrón (thief) — ladronzuelo (burglar, safe-cracker)

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12
Q

-azo / -aza

Type of word: 
Used for (2):

Examples:

A

-azo / -aza

Type of word: noun
Used for (2): augmentative & a hit/blow of something

Examples:
Un cocho - un cochazo, orejazas enormes (super big ears)
puño (fist) – puñetazo (punch), puerta – portazo (slam of the door)

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13
Q

The tenderness

A

la ternura

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14
Q

Coverage, covering

A

la cobertura

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15
Q

maturity

A

la madurez

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16
Q

Stupidity

A

la estupidez

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17
Q

Greatness, grandeur

A

la grandeza

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18
Q

Certainty, accuracy

A

la certeza

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19
Q

duality

A

la dualidad

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20
Q

quality

A

la calidad

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21
Q

The barbers

A

La peluquería

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22
Q

Brewery

A

La cervecería

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23
Q

The laundromat

A

La lavandería

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24
Q

hairy, furry

A

peludo, a

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25
Q

burglar, safe-cracker

A

Un ladronzuelo

26
Q

A big-headed, stubborn person

A

Un cabezota

27
Q

Buddy, pal, mate

A

Un amigote

28
Q

A shack, hovel

A

Una casucha

29
Q

skinny

A

flacucho, a

30
Q

A quack, quackish

A

medicucho

31
Q

A big house

A

un casón

32
Q

A blackout

A

un apagón

33
Q

nosy

A

mirón/mirona

34
Q

a crybaby

A

llorón, llorona

35
Q

a greedy-guts, pig

A

un tragón / una tragona

36
Q

a ladle

A

el cucharón

37
Q

a gate

A

el portón

38
Q

A big car

A

un cochazo

39
Q

A big ear

Super big ears

A

Una orejaza

orejazas enormes

40
Q

a punch

A

puñetazo

41
Q

a slam of the door

A

portazo

42
Q

The depth

A

la hondura

43
Q

Rich (in an arrogant way)

A

ricacho, a

44
Q

A trashy book

A

un libraco

45
Q

a hit/blow of something

A

-azo / -aza

46
Q

a sharp, sudden action

A

-ón, -ona

47
Q

-ness (3)

A
  • ura
  • ez, -eza
  • dad
48
Q

-th, -gth (depth, width)

A

-ura (la hondura, la anchura)

49
Q

-hood (2)

A
  • ez, -eza

- dad

50
Q

-ty (2)

A
  • ez, -eza

- dad

51
Q

-ish

A

-izo, -iza

52
Q

-ful, -load (spoonful)

A

-ada (cucharada)

53
Q

-ful (similar to root word, e.g. painful)
 (2)

A

-ado, -ido (e.g. dolorido)

54
Q

indicating profession (4)

A
  • ario (bibliotecario: librarian)
  • ero, -era / -uero, -uera (banquero: banker)
  • or, -ora (pintor: painter)
  • dor, -dora (jugador: player)
55
Q

indicates place of origin (2)

A
  • ense

- és

56
Q
  • ura English equivalents:

- ez & -eza English equivalents:

A

“-ness”, “-ght” / “-gth”

“-ness”, “-hood”, or “-ty”.

57
Q

-dor/-dora

Type of word:

English equivalents (2):

Used for (4):

A

-dor/-dora

Type of word: nouns or adjectives (derived from a verb)
English equivalents (2): -er, -or

Used for (4):

  • instruments + appliances e.g. aspiradora (vacuum) from aspirer, cargador(charger, loader) from charger

– names of places where you do the action of the infinitives they are derived from e.g. comedor(dining room), probador(fitting room)

– occupations and jobs (“-er” and “-or”) e.g. vendedor/ vendedora(seller, vendor), conductor/ conductora(driver)

– Adjectives and nouns having a specific quality related to the verb e.g. encantador(from encantar); hablador(talkative adj or chatterbox n)

58
Q

Vacuum

Charger, loader

A

La aspiradora

El cargador

59
Q

Dining room

Fitting room

A

El comedor

El probador

60
Q

Seller, vendor

Driver

A

Vendedor, vendedora

El Conductor

61
Q

Charming

A

encantador

62
Q

Talkative, chatterbox

A

hablador

Cosas general (11 decks)

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