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Cosas general > Article inclusion > Flashcards

Article inclusion Flashcards

1
Q

When do you use the definite article in Spanish? (8)

A
  1. For abstract & uncountable nouns
    “La comida mexicana es la mejor”
    → except after verbs “Como comida mexicana”
    →→ unless directly after an emotional verb “me gusta la comida mexicana”

La comida mexicana es la mejor.
Como comida mexicana.
Me gusta la comida mexicana.

  1. Days of the Week
    (except after ‘ser’ or ‘de’)
  2. Names of Languages (as per Rule 1.)
    → always masculine
    → never capitalised
    → often identical to nationality
  3. Body Parts and Clothing
    ¡Abre los ojos! (Open your eyes!)
  4. Telling Time
  5. Long-Form Possession (las ___ de alguien)
  6. Titles Used When Talking about (not to) Someone
    “Dé esto al Señor Martínez”
  7. For more than one noun in a sentence:
    “El hermano y la hermana están tristes”
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2
Q

When do you NOT use an article in Spanish? (7)

A

– Abstract & uncountable nouns which are the object of a verb (except emotional verbs)
e.g. “Como helado” but “me gusta el helado”

– plural noun forms, considered to be a mass
e.g. “Leo novelas”, “Ver películas”

– days and months following ‘ser’ or ‘de’
e.g. “es viernes”; “trabajo de lunes a sábado”

– unmodified nouns when stating someone’s nationality, profession and religious or political affiliation
“Él es medico” but “Él es un medico famoso”

– when noun is preceded by words like
tal[es] (such), otro/a (other), and qué (what)
Qué lástima / de cierta manera

– Titles used when talking to (not about) someone
“Hola Señor Martínez”

– Numeral titles
“Felipe Quinto” for “Philipp the Fifth”

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3
Q

When do you use the INdefinite article in Spanish? (2)

A

– as a plural, to mean ‘some’
– to qualify someone’s profession, nationality etc
“es un cubano famoso”

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4
Q

When are articles not used for people’s titles? (2)

A

– When you are talking to the person.

– With titles like San, Santo/a, Don, and Doña.

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5
Q

When does a feminine noun take a masculine article? (2)

A

– when the feminine noun is singular
– and it starts with a stressed a- or ha- sound
e.g. agua, hambre

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6
Q

I eat ice cream.

A

Como helado.

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7
Q

Mexican food is delicious.

A

La comida de México es deliciosa.

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8
Q

Cats are intelligent.

A

Los gatos son inteligentes.

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9
Q

I have to work on Monday.

A

Tengo que trabajar el lunes.

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10
Q

I go to the gym on Mondays.

A

Voy al gimnasio los lunes.

heem-NAH-syoh

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11
Q

Today is Monday.

A

Hoy es lunes.

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12
Q

Japanese and German are difficult languages.

A

El japonés y el alemán son lenguas difíciles.

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13
Q

I really like Spanish.

A

El español me gusta mucho.

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14
Q

I like to study Spanish.

A

Me gusta estudiar español.

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15
Q

They taught me Spanish.

A

Me enseñaban español.

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16
Q

My stomach hurts.

A

Me duele el estómago.

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17
Q

If you’re not wearing your shirt, you can’t come in (2)

A

Si no llevas puesto la camisa, no puedes entrar

Si no llevas la camisa, no puedes entrar

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18
Q

We leave at three.

A

Vamos a las tres.

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19
Q

Almodóvar’s movies are interesting.

A

Las películas de Almodóvar son interesantes.

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20
Q

Your mom’s flowers grew a lot.

A

Las flores de tu mamá crecieron un buen.

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21
Q

Dr. Hernandez is intelligent.

A

El doctor Hernández es inteligente.

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22
Q

Mrs. Cuevas has a beautiful house.

A

La señora Cuevas tiene una casa bonita.

23
Q

Mrs. Ocon, how are you?

A

Señora Ocón, ¿cómo está?

24
Q

Saint Nicholas’s remains are in Bari.

A

Los restos de San Nicolás están en Bari.

25
Q

Don Juan is a very romantic man.

A

Don Juan es un hombre muy romántico.

26
Q

Pass me the rice.

A

Pásame el arroz.

27
Q

When does the name of a language not take a definite article?

A

When a language is the object of a verb:

Yo hablo español.
I speak Spanish.

Except emotional verbs:
Odio el español

28
Q

You give me confidence

A

Me das confianza

29
Q

Water is running (2)

A

Sale agua

El agua está saliendo

30
Q

in a certain way

A

de cierta manera

31
Q

What a pity you didn’t come to the game

not venir

A

Qué lástima que no llegaste al partido

32
Q

Today is Friday. It’s seven in the evening

A

Hoy es viernes. Son las siete de la tarde

33
Q

I work from Monday to Saturday.

A

Trabajo de lunes a sábado.

34
Q

The building dates from the eighteenth century, during the time period of Philip the Fifth.

A

El edificio data del siglo dieciocho, en tiempos de Felipe Quinto.

35
Q

Mr. Chong is Mexican. He is a bureaucrat. He is Secretary of State. He is a Catholic. He’s a Republican.

A

El Señor Chong es mexicano. Es burócrata. Es Secretario de Gobernación. Es católico. Es republicano.

36
Q

And your husband is a farmer or something?

A

Y ¿tu marido es agricultor o algo?

37
Q

Spanish is a very nice language.

A

El español es un idioma muy bonito.

38
Q

I used to speak Arabic

A

Solía hablar Árabe

39
Q

I went out at seven thirty… and I’m arriving at one.

A

Salí a las siete y media… y estoy llegando a la una.

40
Q

Give this to Mr Martinez (usted)

A

Dé esto al Señor Martínez

41
Q

When do abstract & uncountable nouns NOT take an article?

A

After verbs EXCEPT for emotional verbs
e.g. “Como helado”
but “me gusta el helado”

42
Q

When do days of the week NOT take an article?

A

After ‘ser’ or ‘de’

e.g.
Hoy es lunes
Trabajo de lunes a sábado

43
Q

Do languages take articles?

What are the three other rules about them?

A

They always take articles
→ except after verbs “hablo español”
→→ unless directly after an emotional verb
“me gusta el español”

Rules:

1) always masculine
2) never capitalised
3) often identical to nationality

44
Q

How are articles used for clothing?

A

Similar to with body parts:
¡Abre los ojos! (Open your eyes!)
Durante la cena, yo llevaba los jeans verdes.

45
Q

Do you use an article for telling the time?

A

Yes, and it is always feminine for ‘la hora’

46
Q

Can you use the same article for multiple nouns in the same sentence?

e.g. the brother and sister are sad

A

No. If the noun requires an article, then each must have its own article – you cannot omit it like in English:
“El hermano y la hermana están tristes”

47
Q

Does an abstract/uncountable noun take an article if it follows a verb?

e.g. I eat ice-cream?

A

No, unless the verb is emotional

e.g. “Como helado” but “me gusta el helado”

48
Q

Do plural noun forms (i.e. mass nouns) take an article?

E.g.
“I read novels”
“To watch films?”

A

No, plural noun forms / a mass noun doesn’t take an article
e.g.
“Leo novelas”
“Ver películas”

49
Q

When do days and months NOT take an article?

A

When following ‘ser’ or ‘de’

e.g. “es viernes”; “trabajo de lunes a sábado”

50
Q

When does someone’s profession, nationality etc take an article?

A

When it is unmodified

i.e. “Él es medico” but “Él es un medico famoso”

51
Q

There is another way (of doing s/t)

A

Hay otra manera

52
Q

in a certain way

A

de cierta manera

53
Q

Do numeral titles take an article?

e.g. Philipp the Fifth?

A

No.

Felipe Quinto

54
Q

Philip the Fifth

A

Felipe Quinto

Cosas general (11 decks)

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