Sudden death Flashcards
What type of pathogens are Clostridium and where are they found?
Gram +ve, anaerobic
Found in soil
How are clostridial diseases prevented?
Vaccination (all sheep)
Hygiene
What pathogen causes lamb dysentery?
Clostridium perfringens type B
What pathogen causes tetanus and what clinical signs are seen?
Clostridium tetani
Spastic paralysis after wound contamination
Lamb dysentery and tetanus affect what age lambs?
Neonates
Pulpy kidney, abomasitis, Braxy and tetanus can affect what age lambs?
Growing lambs >3 weeks
What pathogen causes Pulpy Kidney?
Clostridium perfringens type D
nephrotoxic
What pathogen causes abomasitis?
Clostridium sordelli
What pathogen causes Braxy?
Clostridium septicum
What pathogen causes Black’s disease?
Clostridium novyi type B
associated with chronic fasciolosis
What pathogen causes Blackleg?
Clostridium chauvoei
What pathogen causes Struck?
Clostridium perfringens type C
Name the disease associated with Clostridium perfringens type B, C, or D?
Type B - lamb dysentery
Type C - struck
Type D - pulpy kidney
What pathogen causes botulism and what is it associated with?
Clostridium botulinum type C
Associated with poultry manure
What pathogen causes malignant oedema?
Clostridium septicum
What pathogen causes bacilliary haemoglobinuria?
Clostridium haemolyticum (Cl. novyi type D)
What pathogen causes pneumonic pasteurellosis in sheep?
Mannheimia haemolytica
What pathogen causes systemic pasteurellosis in sheep?
Bibersteinia trehalosi
Systemic and pneumomic pasteurellosis are caused by Biebersteinia trehalosi and Mannheimia haemolytica respectively. Are these commensal or pathogenic bacteria?
Both commensal in URT
Disease associated with stress, poor colostrum, change of weather, turnout
What does pneumonic pasteurellosis cause and what age sheep is it associated with?
Septicaemia- young lambs
Pneumonia - older lambs
What does systemic pasteurellosis cause in sheep and what age are affected?
Sudden death in lambs 6-10 months old
How are systemic and pneumonic pasteurellosis treated?
Long acting oxytetracycline
How are systemic and pneumonic pasteurellosis prevented?
Vaccination
Sheep ingest toxic plants when there is a lack of other food available, causing sudden death, severe abdominal pains. and neurological signs. Give examples of some plants toxic to sheep
Ragwort - liver damage Yew Acorn Laurel Rhododendron Laburnum
How is sheep plant toxicity treated generally?
Rumenotomy
Supportive treatment