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Sheep (LHW) > Growing lambs > Flashcards

Growing lambs Flashcards

1
Q

What causes ruminal acidosis in lambs?

A

Rapidly fermentable CHO

Due to sudden introduction of grains

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2
Q

How is ruminal acidosis in lambs diagnoesd?

A

Rumenocentesis

pH <5.5

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3
Q

What is the treatment for acidosis in lambs?

A

Fluids and vitamins
Penicillin 10 days
Feed hay

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4
Q

Chronic suppurative pneumonia is when what forms secondary to pneumonia?

A

Lung abscesses

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5
Q

Name 1 bacteria that may be involved with chronic suppurative pneumonia

A

Arcanobacterium pyogenes
Mannheimia haemolytica
Pasteurella multocida

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6
Q

What is the treatment and prognosis for chronic suppurative pneumonia?

A

Tx: penicillin

Prognosis poor

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7
Q

What two species of Eimeria cause coccidiosis in sheep? What is the source?

A

Eimeria crandalis
Eimeria ovinoidalis
Ewes/older lambs act as source

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8
Q

What are the biggest risk factors for coccidiosis?

A

Mixing ages of sheep

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9
Q

What age of lambs typically present with coccidiosis? What is the diarrhoea like that they present with?

A

4-8 weeks

Diarrhoea with blood

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10
Q

What is the treatment for coccidiosis?

A

Fluids

Dicluzaril or toltrazuril - whole group

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11
Q

Copper poisoning is common in sheep of all ages. What breeds are susceptible?

A

North Ronaldsay
Suffolk
Texel
Blue-faced Leicester

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12
Q

What is the treatment for copper poisoning in sheep?

A

EDTA
Supportive Tx and remove source
Add molybdenum and sulphur to water

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13
Q

Crypto in sheep is zoonotic. What pathogen causes crypto?

A

Cryptosporidium parvum

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14
Q

What age lambs are infected with Cryptosporidium parvum? How is it diagnosed?

A

3 to 7 days old

Faecal smear or PME (may be fatal)

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15
Q

What is the treatment for crypto in lambs?

A

Supportive treatment
Fluids
No licensed drugs - use cascade

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16
Q

What age lambs are affected by nephrosis syndrome and what is the aetiology thought to be?

A

2-12 weeks old

Thought to be Crypto/coccidiosis

17
Q

What clinical signs are seen with lamb nephrosis syndrome and what is the treatment?

A

Increased thirst
Loss of BCS
Diarrhoea
No treatment - euthanasia

18
Q

How is lamb nephrosis syndrome diagnosed?

A

Biochemistry - raised urine, creatinine, hyperkalaemia etc

PME - pale swollen kidneys

19
Q

What are the 2 causes of lungworm in sheep and are they both significant findings?

A

Dictyocaulus filaria - significant

Muelleris capillaris - not significant

20
Q

In what season are sheep typically affected by lungworm?

A

Summer or Autumn

When out at pasture

21
Q

How is lungworm diagnosed in sheep?

A

Baermann’s test (larvae in faeces)

22
Q

Is Mannheimia haemolytica pathogenic or commensal?

A

Commensal in nasopharynx

Pathogenic in lungs (often secondary)

23
Q

How is Mannheimia haemolytica treated in sheep?

A

Long acting antibiotics:

Oxytetracycline, amoxicillin, macrolides

24
Q

Mycoplasma hypopneumoniae is seen in over-stocked lambs. How is it diagnosed and treated?

A

Diagnosed by BAL or PME

Treated with oxytetracycline

25
Q

How is Mannheimia haemolytica prevented in sheep?

A

Vaccination

26
Q

Give 2 examples of viruses that may cause pneumonia in sheep

A

Parainfluenza (PI)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

27
Q

What causes frothy ruminal bloat?

A

Legumes or grain ingestion

28
Q

Ruminal bloat causes left sided distension in sheep. How is it treated?

A

Stomach tube
Rumen trochar
Dimethicone (oral)

29
Q

How is cobalt deficiency diagnosed?

A

Low cobalt or vit B12 levels in blood or level

30
Q

What causes White Lamb Disease?

A

Vitamin E/selenium deficiency

31
Q

Thyroid goitre in lambs on post-mortem exam suggests what deficiency?

A

Iodine

32
Q

What breed of lamb is predisposed to Swayback?

A

Scottish Blackface

33
Q

What causes copper deficiency in lambs?

A

Congenital - due to ewe lacking copper supplementation

Sheep (LHW) (16 decks)

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