Subtest 2 Flashcards
Atomic Structure
of protons
Atomic Mass
of protons + neutrons
atomic weight
average of isotopes
fusion
when small nucleus combines. Sun uses.
fission
large nucleus splits into smaller. Atomic power.
Atomic radius
decreases L to R and top to bottom
ionization energy
energy required to completely remove an electron from atom or electron
electron affinity
energy release when an electron is added to a gaseous atom
electronegativity
measure of attraction atom has for electrons in a chemical bond
Alkali metals
Group 1A, 1 valance electron, largest atomic radii, low ionization, low electronegativity, react readily with nonmetals
Alkaline earth metals
2 valence electrons, low electronegativity, low electron affliaction
halogens
group VIIA, high electronegativity
transition elements
between alkaline and halo/noble, high melting point
ionic bonds
electron from an atom with lower ionization energy are transferred to an atom with greater electron affinity - electrostatic forces
covalent bonds
electron pair shared between atoms
polar covalent
bond partially covalent and partially ionic
acid
donates protons
base
accepts protons
hydrocarbons
compounds H and C, alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, aromatics
alkanes
hydrocarbon, single bonds, ane
alkenes
hydrocarbon, double bonds, ene
alkynes
hydrocarbon, triple bonds - yne
displacement
vector quantity, change in position has both direction and magnitude
speed
total distance / total time v=d/t
acceleration
rate of change of an object’s velocity (a=change in velocity/change in time)
newton’s 1st law of motion
inertia
newton’s 2nd law of motion
a net force will result in that body undergoing acceleration in the same direction as the net force. directly proportal to the magnitude of the net force and inversely proportional to the mass
newton’s 3rd law of motion
to every action there is an equal but opposite reaction
work
product of force and displacement, measured in joules
power
p=work/time
endoplasmic reticulum
protein transport - SER lipid synetheis and detox, RER protein synthesis
golgi apparatus
receives vesicles and their contents from the ER and modifies proteins, repackages them into vesicles and
lysosomes
intracellular digestion
vacuoloes
membranes enclosed sacs within the cell
cytoskeleton
mircotubles, microfilaments, intermediate fibers, mechanical support, shape maintenance cells
mitosis
2 daughter cells with same genomic complement as the parent
meiosis
sexual reproduction, male and female gamet
arteries
carry blood from the heart to the tissues of the body
veins
carry blood back to the heart
classificatory division
kingdom > phylum > class > order > family > genus > species
subduction
when one plate is pushed under another
new moon
highest tide
atrium
hears upper portion
ventricle
hearts lower portion
heart contracts
oxygen poor blood goes from right ventricle through lungs to the left atrium, oxygen rich blood goes from left ventricle through the body and back to the right atrium
earth’s revolution
axis tilted 23 degrees from perpendicular with orbit, tilting and revolving creates seasons
earth’s rotation
creates day and night
high and low tide
occur when sun and moon are in a straight line
circle circumference
c=2PIr
circle area
a=PIr^2
cylinder volumn
v=piR^2h
pyramid volumn
v=1/3Bh
prism volumn
v=Bh
cone volumn
v=1/3PI R^2h
sphere volumn
v=.75pir^3
triangle area
a=1/2bh
trapezoid area
a=1/2h(b1+b2)
