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Behavioral Med > Substance Use Disorders & Withdrawal > Flashcards

Substance Use Disorders & Withdrawal Flashcards

1
Q

cognitive, behavioral, and physiological symptoms indicating that the individual continues using the substance despite significant substance-related problems

A

substance use disorder

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2
Q

a syndrome occurring when blood or tissue concentrations of a substance decline in an individual who maintained prolonged heavy use of the substance for a period

A

withdrawal

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3
Q

at what age does AAP recommend screening adolescents for substance use?

A

11 yo

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4
Q

what is the mnemonic used for screening kids for substance use disorder?

A

C
R
A
F
T

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5
Q

what is the mnemonic used for screening adults for substance use disorder?

A

C
A
G
E

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6
Q

what substance must go under medical detoxification? (2)

A

alcohol
benzodiazepines

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7
Q

why must alcohol and benzodiazepines be tapered during medical detoxification?

A

to avoid dangerous withdrawals like seizures and death

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8
Q

what 2 medications can be used during medical detoxification of alcohol and benzodiazepines?

A

chlordiazepoxide (librium)
clonazepam

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9
Q

what assessment determines the intended withdrawal syndrome?

A

CIWA

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10
Q

how much diazepam should be given if a patient’s CIWA is 8 or more?

A

5-10 mg

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11
Q

alcohol withdrawal is related to induced _____ insensitivity and _____ receptor upregulation

A

GABA
glutamate

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12
Q

when does minor alcohol withdrawal occur after cessation?

A

less than 6 hours

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13
Q

when does moderate to severe alcohol withdrawal occur after cessation?

A

96 hours (4 days)

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14
Q

a patient presents with insomnia, tremulousness, mild anxiety, GI upset, anorexia, headache, diaphoresis, and palpitations. what are they likely experiencing?

A

minor alcohol withdrawal

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15
Q

a patient presents with hallucinations, seizures, and delirium tremens. what are they likely experiencing?

A

moderate to severe alcohol withdrawal

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16
Q

what are the 2 main treatments for alcohol withdrawal?

A

thiamine IV
benzodiazepines

17
Q

what are 3 benzodiazepines used for alcohol withdrawal?

A

lorazepam
diazepam
chlordiazepoxide

18
Q

what are 2 non-traditional medications used for acute alcohol withdrawal?

A

haloperidol
propofol

19
Q

a patient presents with hyperthermia, perspiration, mydriasis, tachycardia/arrhythmias, elevated BP, n/v, agitation, confusion, seizures, dyskinesias and dystonia. what are they likely experiencing?

A

stimulant intoxication

20
Q

a patient presents with fatigue, dysphoric mood, vivid/unpleasant dreams, hypersomnia, increased appetite, and psychomotor retardation or agitation. what are they likely experiencing?

A

stimulant withdrawal

21
Q

what is the treatment for stimulant withdrawal? (3)

A

IV fluids
nutrition
time

22
Q

what is the most inappropriately used opioid?

A

heroin

23
Q

a patient presents with miosis, sleepiness/unresponsiveness, shallow/infrequent respirations, snoring breathing sounds, bradycardia, and cyanosis. what are they likely experiencing?

A

opiate intoxication

24
Q

what is the treatment for opiate intoxication?

A

0.2-2mg naloxone IV or IM
IV drip or continue dosing q 30 mins

25
Q

a patient presents with dysphoric mood, n/v, muscle aches, lacrimation/rhinorrhea, mydriasis, piloerection, sweating, diarrhea, yawning, fever, and insomnia. what are they likely experiencing?

A

opiate withdrawal

26
Q

what is the short term treatment for opiate withdrawal?

A

clonidine

27
Q

what is the long term treatment for opiate withdrawal?

A

buprenorphine 3x/week

28
Q

what is the treatment used for opiate withdrawal that must be given once a day?

A

methadone

29
Q

a patient presents with abdominal pain, vomiting, and/or nausea that is relieved by hot showers. what are they likely experiencing?

A

cannabis hyperemesis syndrome

30
Q

what are the 3 treatments for cannabis hyperemesis syndrome?

A

IV fluids
antiemetics
benzodiazepines

31
Q

what are the 2 alternative treatments for cannabis hyperemesis syndrome?

A

haloperidol
capsaicin cream on stomach

Behavioral Med (9 decks)

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