Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders

Question 1

group of psychotic disorders characterized by loss of contact with reality and severe dysfunction in cognitive, emotional, perceptive, and behavioral abilities

Answer 1

schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders

Question 2

broad term referring to having paranoia, hallucinations, or delusions

Answer 2

psychosis

Question 3

massive disruption of thinking, mood, and overall behavior coupled with poor filtering of stimuli

Answer 3

schizophrenic disorder

Question 4

what kind of disorder is schizophrenia?

Answer 4

multifactorial

Question 5

what is the hypothesized pathophysiology of schizophrenia?

Answer 5

dysregulation of neurotransmitters

Question 6

hyperactive dopamine in the _____ tract leads to _____ symptoms

Answer 6

mesolimbic
positive

Question 7

hypoactive dopamine in the _____ tract leads to _____ symptoms

Answer 7

mesocortical
negative

Question 8

at least 1 episode of psychosis and persistent disturbance of thought, behavior, appearance, speech, and affect

Answer 8

schizophrenic disorder

Question 9

when in a psychotic episode of schizophrenia, how is the patient’s memory capacity?

Answer 9

intact and oriented x3

Question 10

a psychotic episode can be _____ or follow a _____ event

Answer 10

spontaneous
traumatic/stressful

Question 11

what is a diagnostic used to rule out other things causing schizophrenic disorder?

Answer 11

labs

Question 12

how many positive/negative symptoms must be present to diagnose schizophrenic disorder, and for how long?

Answer 12

at least 2
1 month

Question 13

how long must continuous signs of disturbance be present to diagnose schizophrenia?

Answer 13

at least 6 months

Question 14

phase in schizophrenia that is prior to the 1st psychotic episode, patient is still functioning in reality, presents with increase in social withdrawal, and increase interest in religion, the occult and philosophy

Answer 14

prodromal

Question 15

phase in schizophrenia that is the psychotic break from reality

Answer 15

psychotic

Question 16

phase in schizophrenia that is the period between psychotic episodes, negative symptoms are still present, and the patient is not back to “normal”

Answer 16

residual

Question 17

in schizophrenic disorder, what kind of hallucinations are the most common?

Answer 17

auditory

Question 18

delusions that revolve around issues of bodily decay or infestation

Answer 18

somatic delusions

Question 19

what is the most common somatic delusion?

Answer 19

bugs in the body

Question 20

what can polydipsia in schizophrenic disorder lead to?

Answer 20

water intoxication / hyponatremia

Question 21

what can be done when a patient with schizophrenic disorder is grossly disorganized or represents a potential threat to themselves or others?

Answer 21

hospitalization

Question 22

removes the patient’s rights and ability to check out from care for 48 hrs due to potential threat to their own or others safety

Answer 22

emergency detention

Question 23

in Texas, who can place a patient under emergency detention?

Answer 23

police officer or judge

Question 24

what is the treatment of choice for schizophrenic disorder?

Answer 24

antipsychotics

Question 25

what 2 typical antipsychotics can be used to treat schizophrenic disorder?

Answer 25

haloperidol chlorpromazine

Question 26

what are the side effects of typical antipsychotics?

Answer 26

extrapyramidal side effects

Question 27

what can too much antipsychotic or stopping of an antipsychotic lead to?

Answer 27

neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Question 28

what can dyskinesia and dystonia from taking typical antipsychotics be treated with?

Answer 28

diphenhydramine

Question 29

what 3 atypical antipsychotics can be used to treat schizophrenic disorder?

Answer 29

clozapine risperidone olanzapine

Question 30

what side effects can atypical antipsychotics cause? (2)

Answer 30

QT prolongation weight gain

Question 31

what psychological treatment used for schizophrenia disorder helps the patient gain insight and become more self-observant recognizing early signs of stress?

Answer 31

psychotherapy

Question 32

what psychological treatment used for schizophrenia disorder helps the patient challenge their own psychotic thinking and alter their responses?

Answer 32

CBT

Question 33

what psychological treatment used for schizophrenia disorder helps prevent hospitalizations?

Answer 33

acceptance and commitment therapy

Question 34

what psychological treatment used for schizophrenia disorder helps patients become better able to focus their disorganized thinking?

Answer 34

cognitive remediation therapy

Question 35

what psychological treatment used for schizophrenia disorder helps alleviate the patient's stress and assist relatives in coping with the patient's disease?

Answer 35

family therapy

Question 36

what symptoms of schizophrenic disorder can be treated successfully with medication?

Answer 36

positive symptoms

Question 37

a psychosis in which the predominant symptoms is a persistent delusion for over 1 month, and intellectual and occupational activities are not necessarily affected

Answer 37

delusional disorder

Question 38

beliefs that are false and not based on reality, yet cannot be changed despite being shown evidence; not based on culturally acceptable beliefs or ignorance

Answer 38

delusions

Question 39

delusions disorder subtype in which the patient believes that another person, who is usually famous or in some kind of higher status, is secretly in love with them

Answer 39

erotomanic type

Question 40

delusions disorder subtype in which the patient believes they have special prominence or talent, unusual fame, or major achievements

Answer 40

grandiose type

Question 41

delusions disorder subtype in which the patient believes that a spouse or lover is unfaithful and finds "evidence" to support the delusion , accuses them, and relentlessly tries to substantiate the offense

Answer 41

jealous type

Question 42

delusions disorder subtype in which the patient is typically preoccupied by a delusion that he or she is being persecuted, conspired against, or potentially harmed

Answer 42

persecutory type

Question 43

delusions disorder subtype in which the patient believes that something awful is wrong with their body

Answer 43

somatic type

Question 44

delusions disorder subtype in which no one delusional theme predominates

Answer 44

mixed type

Question 45

delusions disorder subtype in which the dominant delusions belief cannot be clearly determined

Answer 45

unspecified type

Question 46

what is the first-line treatment for delusional disorder?

Answer 46

atypical antipsychotics

Question 47

besides medication, what can be used to treat delusional disorder?

Answer 47

supportive psychotherapy

Question 48

affective symptoms precede or develop at the same time as psychotic manifestations, and the psychotic symptoms linger for longer than the affective symptoms (2 weeks longer) but are not permanent

Answer 48

schizoaffective disorder

Question 49

what 3 medications can be used to treat schizoaffective disorder?

Answer 49

mood stabilizers antidepressants atypical antipsychotics

Question 50

what 2 types of therapy are helpful in schizoaffective disorder?

Answer 50

CBT family therapy

Question 51

similar symptoms to schizophrenic disorder, except that the duration of prodromal, acute, and residual symptoms is between 1-6 months

Answer 51

schizophreniform disorder

Question 52

what medication is used to treat schizophreniform disorder?

Answer 52

atypical antipsychotics while symptoms last

Question 53

what 2 types of therapy are helpful in schizophreniform disorder?

Answer 53

CBT family therapy

Question 54

psychotic symptoms lasting less than 1 month as a result of psychological stress

Answer 54

brief psychotic disorder

Question 55

what medication is used to treat brief psychotic disorder?

Answer 55

atypical antipsychotics