Substance use Disorder

Question 1

what does dopamine regulate

Answer 1

pleasure and pain and plays a major role in all addictions

Question 2

what is the legal BAL is U.S

Answer 2

0.08%

Question 3

BAL depends on what human factors

Answer 3

amount of alcohol consumed, body weight of individual and the time since consumption

Question 4

what BAL can death occur at

Answer 4

10-15 drinks .3%-.50%

Question 5

intended effects of alcohol

Answer 5

relaxation and decrease anxiety

Question 6

intoxicating effects of alcohol

Answer 6

slurred speech, drowsiness, blackouts, loss of coordination, decrease LOC, stupor, coma, possible death

Question 7

what are symptoms of withdrawal of alcohol AKA hangover

Answer 7

starts 4-12hrs after intake, cramping, tremors, swearing, vomiting, insomnia, increase pulse, increase respirations, fever, seizures, hallucinations

Question 8

what are symptoms of alcohol withdrawal with delirium

Answer 8

may occur 2-3 days after drinking, severe disorientation, psychotic symptoms, terrifying hallucinations, severe hypertension, delirium, death

Question 9

What causes wernicke- korsakoff syndrome

Answer 9

Inflammatory, hemorrhagic, degenerative condition of the brain caused by thiamine deficiency from poor diet and alcohol induced suppression of thiamine absorption

Question 10

How is wernicke Korsakoff reversed

Answer 10

With thiamine if left untreated it leads to korsakoff’s psychosis

Question 11

What is korsakoffs psychosis

Answer 11

Irreversible form of amnesia characterized by short term memory loss and inability to learn

Question 12

what are intended effects of sedatives

Answer 12

sedation and decreased anxiety

Question 13

what are intoxicating effects of sedatives

Answer 13

increased drowsiness, slurred speech, uncoordinated, disoriented, N&V, respiratory depression, decreased LOC, possible death

Question 14

what is the antidote for benzodiazepines

Answer 14

flumazenil

Question 15

what are withdrawal symptoms of sedatives

Answer 15

anxiety, diaphoresis, tremors, NV, hypertension, possible psychosis, seizures

Question 16

who would you treat sedative overdose

Answer 16

tx like alcohol at first until you get lab results back then tx for benzo

Question 17

what are intended effects of opioids

Answer 17

euphoria, pain relief

Question 18

what are intoxicating effects of opioids

Answer 18

slurred speech, incoordination, impaired judgment, constricted pupils, decrease LOC, decreased respirations, possible death

Question 19

what is the antidote for opioids

Answer 19

naloxone

Question 20

what are withdrawal symptoms of opioids

Answer 20

sweating, rhinorrhea, yawning, tremors, irritability, diarrhea, fever, insomnia, NV, muscle spasms

Question 21

what is the first line of tx for opioid overdose

Answer 21

naloxone but if that isn’t working then go for flumazenil

Question 22

what is a strong indication of opiod toxicity

Answer 22

pinpoint pupils
depressed respirations
coma

Question 23

what are intended effects of stimulants

Answer 23

rush of euphoria, pleasure, and increase energy

Question 24

what are intoxicating effects of stimulants

Answer 24

dizzy, iritable tremors, sin sensation, impaired judgement, tachycardia, increased BP, dilated pupils, hallucinations, cardiovascular collapse, death

Question 25

what are withdrawal symptoms of stimulants

Answer 25

craving, depression, fatigue, excess sleeping or insomnia, paranoia, not life threatening but may become suicidal

Question 26

why do you not have discussions with pts who are withdrawing

Answer 26

because they are less likely to listen

Question 27

what are intended effects of hallucinogens and dissociative drugs

Answer 27

increase sense of self, altered perceptions

Question 28

what are intoxicating effects of hallucinogens and dissociative drugs

Answer 28

anxiety, depression, paranoia, aggression, violence, impaired judgment, hallucinations, dilated pupils, increase pulse, BP, temp, palpitations, tremors, panic attacks

Question 29

what are withdrawal symptoms of hallucinogens

Answer 29

visual disturbances, flashbacks, hallucinations may occur for years

Question 30

what is the intended effects of inhalants

Answer 30

euphoria

Question 31

what are intoxicating effects of inhalants

Answer 31

behavioral or psychological changes, incoordinated, slurred speech, drowsiness, stupor, coma, anoxia etc

Question 32

what are the withdrawal symptoms of inhalants

Answer 32

nothing

Question 33

what group is most affected by inhalants

Answer 33

teens around age 16 17ish

Question 34

what are the intended effects of cannabis

Answer 34

euphoria, sedation, decreased intraocular pressure, NV, mgmt of pain, weightloss

Question 35

what are intoxicating effects of cannabis

Answer 35

paranoia, delusions, hallucinations, increase appetite, tachycardia. chronic could lead to lung cancer, bronchitis

Question 36

what are withdrawal symptoms of cannabis

Answer 36

irritibility, aggression, anxiety, insomnia, lack of appetite, tremors, depression, abd pain, HA

Question 37

what is the intended use for tobacco (nicotine)

Answer 37

relaxation

Question 38

what are withdrawal symptoms of tobacco

Answer 38

irritability, craving, nervous, insomnia, anger, depression, increased appetite

Question 39

what are the 5 A's of brief smoking cessation counseling

Answer 39

``` ask about smoking advise to quit assess for willingness to qui assist in quit attempt arrange for follow up ```

Question 40

what is the first line defense of alcohol addiction

Answer 40

naltrexone

Question 41

why is disulfiram last line defense for alcohol addiction

Answer 41

because the side effects are SO bad if they have a sip of alcohol *so teach them to avoid drinking while taking this med

Question 42

what is the best way to reduce need for nicotine

Answer 42

replace it in another form like patches, gum, lozenges, etc | *taper off between 2-4 weeks depending on how much you are taking in

Question 43

what is the tx for nicotine addiction

Answer 43

buproprion | *black box warning for suicide