current psych theories and practice part 2 Flashcards
attempt to explain human behavior, health, mental illness
theoretical models
suggest strategies to work with clients based on theories
therapies
who developed psychoanalytical theory
sigmund freud
what theory suggests most psychological disturbances result from early trauma that are often not remembered
psychoanalytical theory
psychoanalysis focuses on resolving _______ through assessing _______ thoughts and feelings from the patients ______
conflicts; unconscience; past
what theory’s concepts of transference and countertransference are important
psychoanalysis
what does countertransference mean
your emotional reaction/response of what they told you (they feel isolated like you do not agree with them)
who developed interpersonal theories
harry stack sullivan
what theory suggests early relationships are crucial for personality development
interpersonal theories (early stages of parenting could affect childs personality)
interpersonal THERAPIES focus on ____ and ______ with emphasis on patients life and relationships at home, work, and in the social realm
here and now (used for problems in communication, role-relationships, and bereavement)
*people are aware of what is wrong with them and they know what they need to work on and need to fix
who developed the developmental theory
erik erickson
what theory suggests developmental tasks during these stages ideally result in successful resolution
developmental theory
who are the 3 behavioral theorists
Pavlov (classical conditioning)
Watson (classical conditioning)
B.F. Skinner (operant conditioning)
what did pavlov do
dog labs
*ringing the bell caused the dogs to salivate because they were use to it meaning they would get food
what did watson do
little albert experiment
*believed that anyone could be taught to be anything through behavioral techniques and he taught a child to be afraid of white fur
what did B.F. Skinner think
believed that behavior learned through consequences
- positive reinforcement for behavior to occur more frequently
- negative reinforcement for behavior to occur less frequently
what do behavioral therapies focus on
correcting or eliminating maladaptive behaviors by regarding or reinforcing adaptive behaviors *personalities consist of learned behaviors and if behaviors change then so will personalities
what are the 4 behavioral therapies
modeling
systematic-desensitization
aversion therapy
biofeedback
who developed humanistic theories (hierarchy of needs)
abraham maslow
the humanistic theory is the basic needs _____ a persons ______ until those needs are _____
dominate; behavior; met
who developed cognitive theories
aaron beck
cognitive theory is that as long as their _____ were true they would continue to have ______
thoughts; depression
what is the goal of cognitive/behavior therapy
to replace negative patterns of thought that lead to negative emotions (journaling, reflections, assertiveness training, and monitoring thoughts)
what is the biological model/ theory
mental disorders have physical causes
*mental disorders with physical causes will respond to physical treatments
what is the primary BIOLOGICAL treatment for mental disorders
psychopharmacology
*research indicated using medication and cognitive behavioral therapy is extremely effective treatment for many psychiatric disorders
who developed the nursing model (therapeutic nurse-patient relationship)
hildegard peplau *emphasized nursing as an interpersonal process and defined the 4 levels of anxiety
what is the recovery model
mental health recovery model does not focus on a cure, but emphasizes living adaptively with chronic mental illness
*focus one day to the next
provide info about a specific issue (med management, stress management, illness)
education groups
organized members who share a common problem
support groups
AA, gamblers anonymous, weight watchers
self-help groups
art, music or dance to facilitate expression, woodworking
activity groups
exert complete control of group, not encouraging interaction between members
autocratic
encourages members to interact and work to solve problems (let them vote on outcomes)
democratic
allows members of group to have total control
laissez- faire
