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Psychopathology > Substance Use and Addictive Disorders > Flashcards

Substance Use and Addictive Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Depressants

A

Slow the activity of the CNS.

Alcohol

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2
Q

Binge drinking episode

A

5+ drinks in a single occasion

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3
Q

Heavy drinker

A

5+ binge drinking episodes in a month

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4
Q

Why does alcohol bring on a relaxed state

A

Helps GABA shut down neurons

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5
Q

Delirium tremens

A

Dramatic alcohol withdrawal reaction > visual hallucinations

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6
Q

Sedative hypnotic drugs

A

Feel relaxed. Barbiturates, benzodiazepines,

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7
Q

Benzodiazepines ___ GABA activity

A

increase

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8
Q

Opioids

A

Addictive. Depress the CNS by attaching endorphin sites. Opium, heroin, morphine, codeine

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9
Q

Synthetic opioids (narcotics)

A

Methadone

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10
Q

What is mainlining?

A

Injecting the drug directly into the vein

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11
Q

What makes opioids dangerous?

A

Overdosing > calms down respiratory center too much

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12
Q

Fenatyl

A

More powerful than any opioid

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13
Q

Stimulants

A

Increase CNS activity. Cocaine, amphetamines, caffeine, nicotine

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14
Q

Which one is the most powerful stimulant?

A

Cocaine

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15
Q

How does cocaine work?

A

Increases dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine supply

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16
Q

What is freebasing?

A

Vaporizing pure cocaine and inhaling through a pipe

17
Q

What is crack

A

Powerful form of freebase boiled down to crystals

18
Q

Lab made stimulant

A

Amphetamines

19
Q

How do amphetamines work?

A

Increase release of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin

20
Q

Why is meth dangerous?

A

Neurotoxic > damages nerve endings

21
Q

Hallucinogens

A

Cause powerful changes in sensory perception. LSD, mescaline, psilocybin, MDMA

22
Q

How does LSD work

A

Affect serotonin

23
Q

Why are hallucinogens dangerous?

A

Produce enormous perceptual, emotional, and behavioral reactions

24
Q

Cannbis

A

Hashish, marijuana

25
Q

Why is polysubstance use so dangerous?

A

Synergisitc effect - cause greater effect than any individual drug > extreme intoxication

26
Q

Synergisitc effect when drugs have antagonistic/opposite actions

A

Build up and become toxic

27
Q

According to the biological model what is the main cause of addiction

A

Drug users become more reliant on the drug > biological processes adapt and reduce own neurotransmitter production

28
Q

Addiction and the reward circuit

A

As substances repeatedly stimulate the reward circuit > it becomes hypersensitive to them

29
Q

Detoxification

A

Systematic and medically supervised withdrawal

30
Q

Antagonist drugs

A

Block/change effect of addictive drug

31
Q

Drug maintenance therapy

A

Give replacement drug that is safer and is used in a safe environment

Psychopathology (14 decks)

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