Substance Abuse Terms Flashcards
Sensitization definition
Increased response to a drug with repeated use
Sensitization shifts the dose response curve to the…
left
Withdrawal definition
Behaviors displayed by a user when drug use ends, usually opposite of the drug’s effect
Tolerance definition
State of adaptation in which exposure to a drug induces changes that results in a diminution of one or more of the drug’s effect over time
Tolerance shifts the dose-response curve to the…
right
Two types of tolerance
Metabolic (liver enzymes) and cellular (receptor downregulation)
Acute vs. protracted tolerance
Acute happens within a single administration
Cross-tolerance definition
Tolerance to one drug leads to tolerance of other drugs in the same drug class
Addiction definition
Primary, chronic, neurobiological disease, with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations
5 Cs of addiction
Chronicity
impaired Control of drug use,
Compulsive use
Continued use despite harm
Craving
Drug abuse definition
Maladaptive pattern of substance abuse characterized by repeated adverse consequences related to the repeated use of the substance
Dependence definition
Body adapts to presence of the drug and needs it on board to maintain homeostasis. Specific withdrawal symptoms can be produced by abrupt cessation, rapid dose reduction, decreasing blood level of a drug and/or administration of an antagonist
Opiate agonist definiton
Drugs that activate opiate receptors on neurons
Opiate antagonist definition
Opiates that bind to opiate receptors but block them rather than activate them
Partial agonist definition
Drugs that bind to receptors but not to the same degree as full agonists
