Substance 2 Jeopardy Flashcards
Use of a single joint can lead to a positive urine marijuana test as many as this number of days later:
4 days
Use of marijuana at an early age may interact with those who have the genetic predisposition and promote the development of this serious mental illness:
Schizophrenia
The most common psychiatric adverse side effects of marijuana use is psychosis and this:
Anxiety/panic attacks
Cognitive effects of marijuana include amotivation, disorientation, unsteady coordination, altered perception, decreased consciousness, and this reason for poor academic performance:
Memory loss
The percent of users who become dependent on marijuana is this:
10%
This synthetic Cannabinoid agonist is used to treat anorexia and weight loss in AIDS pts and N/V in pts getting chemo:
Dronabinol (Marinol)
Marijuana’s clinical properties include anti-inflammatory effects, anti-convulsant effects, and anti- this effect
Antiemetic
Potentially life threatening;
Significant discomfort;
Mild symptoms.
Mild sx
Marijuana use that leads to a reduction in prosocial goal directed activities that may contribute to poor school or job performance is commonly called this:
Amotivational syndrome
This non-nicotine agent is thought to increase dopamine and norepinephrine levels and mimic some of the effects of nicotine.
Bupropion (Wellbutrin)
What is the MoA of varenicline (Chantix), a smoking cessation medication?
Long-acting partial agonist at the α4β2NAR.
This tricyclic antidepressant is not first line but a second line smoking cessation agent due to its side effect profile.
Nortriptyline
It is unusual to rare for an individual to start smoking
after this age:
21
Nicotine withdrawal from smoking cessation usually begins within 24 hours, and peaks at this time after cessation.
Day 2-3
Nicotine withdrawal from smoking cessation usually will last this long:
2-3 weeks
This alpha-2 adrenergic agonist is used for treating hypertension but has shown promise for smoking cessation.
Clonidine
The most common tobacco use product is this:
Cigs
Disappearance of nausea and dizziness despite repeated tobacco use is an indication of this.
Tollerance
For ♀ and older adults, a social or moderate drinker is one who does not binge drink and consumes no more than this number of drinks per day ON AVERAGE.
1
7 per week
These type of peptides mediate some of alcohol’s rewarding effects by enhancing the midbrain release of dopamine.
Opioids
This medication inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase leading to a build up of acetaldehyde and negative reinforcement of alcohol use.
Disulfiram (Antabuse)
This medication that is used in the treatment of alcohol dependence is available in a monthly depot injection.
Naltrexone (Vivitrol)
These two medications are contraindicated in pts with significantly compromised liver function:
- Disulfiram (Antabuse)
- Naltrexone (Vivtrol)
For ♂ who are < 65 y/o, a social or moderate drinker is one who does not binge drink and consumes no more than this number of drinks per day on average:
2
14 per week
This medication is an opioid mu receptor antagonist as a treatment option for alcohol use disorder.
Naltrexone (Vivitrol)
This medication helps prevent relapse, has a common side effect of diarrhea, is safe in hepatic compromised pts, but is contraindicated in pts with severe renal disease.
Acamprosate (Campral)
Naltrexone is most effective in treating this aspect of alcohol dependence.
Cravings
Standard drug screens do not detect these drugs and usage typically declines dramatically after the teen years.
Inhalants
The phenylalkylamines class of hallucinogens includes mescaline, DOM (“STP”), and this most well-known drug.
MDMA
First developed as a anesthetic, this drug produces feelings of separation from mind and body-dissociation:
Phencyclidine (PCP)
MDMA, LSD, or PCP:
Continued use of this hallucinogen has been linked to neurotoxic effects.
MDMA (ecstasy)
Any inhaled volatile hydrocarbons (glues, fuels, paints) may produce “sudden sniffing death” due to this.
Cardiac arrhythmia
Phencylclidine (PCP) can be detected in the urine up to this many days after use.
8 days
The ergoline class of hallucinogens includes this drug, which often produces visual hallucinations which can be frightening to the user.
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)
While lab testing can detect PCP and may or may not be helpful detecting hallucinogens, lab testing is not helpful detecting this:
Inhalants
Intoxication with this drug may produce vertical or horizontal nystagmus, diminished responsiveness to pain, and violent behavior.
Phencyclidine (PCP)
The proportion of users of this are most likely to become dependent on the substance.
(clown question)
Nicotine
Use of this illicit drug is most commonly involved in ER visits.
Cocaine
popular
When sober, users of this drug(s) may re-experience geometric visual hallucinations, flashes of color, intensified colors, or misperception of objects being too large or too small.
Hallucinogens (primarily LSD)
~ 50% of people who attempt to quit smoking develop withdrawal and commonly complain of irritability, difficulty concentrating, and this:
Anxiety
Over 80% of tobacco users attempt to quit, 60% relapse within 1 week, and this number succeed and do not ever relapse:
1 in 20 (5%)
A drink is defined as a 1.5 oz shot, this 4-6 oz of wine, or this many ounces of beer.
12 oz
Psychostimulants specifically worsen these 2 symptoms of schizophrenia.
- Hallucinations
- Paranoia
Use of marijuana, alcohol, or this before age 15 are considered to be the three “Gateway Drugs” to later dependence problems.
Nicotine
The most common illicit drug used worldwide across all age groups is this:
Marijuana
