Subsea Assets Flashcards
Vertical subsea Trees
These have a vertical orientation of the main valves. They are typically used for simpler well configurations and are easier to install and maintain. Suitable for applications where space constraints are not a major issue.
Horizontal subsea trees
In these trees, the main valves are oriented horizontally. They allow easier access for intervention and are preferred for more complex well architectures. Often used in high-pressure and high-temperature wells.
Dual bore subsea trees
These are designed with dual bores, allowing them to handle two flows simultaneously. Ideal for wells producing both oil and gas, where separate tubing is needed for each phase.
Mono bore subsea trees
Feature a single bore and are used for simpler well designs. They are typically smaller and less expensive than dual bore trees.
TFL (Through Flowline) Trees
Designed for operations where intervention and maintenance are conducted through a flowline. They are suitable for remote and deepwater applications.
Subsea trees for intervention
Specifically designed to facilitate various intervention operations. They feature additional components and interfaces for intervention equipment
Production manifolds
Collect and combine oil or gas from different wells for delivery to the production facility. They can also distribute injection fluids to wells
Injection manifolds
Specifically designed for distributing injection fluids like water or gas into the reservoir to maintain pressure and enhance oil recovery.
Drilling manifolds
Used during drilling operations to manage the flow of drilling mud, cuttings, and cement. They are essential for controlling well pressure.
Choke manifolds
Control the flow and pressure of the produced fluids from the wells. Equipped with chokes and valves, they are crucial for safe and efficient production management.
Pigging manifold
Facilitate the launching and receiving of pipeline inspection gauges or ‘pigs’ used for cleaning and inspection of pipelines.
What are subsea trees (Christmas trees)
Equipment installed on top of a well to control the production of oil or gas.
What are manifolds?
Devices that connect multiple subsea wells and help in managing the flow of production fluids.
What are templates
Structures on the seabed that provide the foundation for subsea trees, manifolds, and other equipment.
Why are flow lines and pipelines
Piping systems that transport oil and gas from the subsea wells to the surface facility or onshore
What are umbilicals
Cables and hoses that supply power, chemicals, and hydraulic fluid to subsea equipment.
What are compressors
Used for boosting the pressure of the produced fluids to ensure their steady flow to the surface.
What are risers
Pipes that connect subsea systems to surface facilities, carrying produced fluids, injection fluids, or both
What are jumpers
Short pipe sections used to connect subsea equipment like trees, manifolds, and risers.
What are mooring systems
Used for anchoring floating structures like FPSOs (Floating Production Storage and Offloading vessels) and semi-submersibles.
What are drilling templates
Serve as a guide for drilling multiple wells in a precise layout. They ensure the accurate positioning of wells and provide a stable platform for drilling operations.
Production templates
Used to install and support subsea trees and manifolds. They facilitate the connection of multiple wells to the manifold and surface facilities.
Manifold templates
Specifically designed to hold and support subsea manifolds. These templates allow for the efficient routing of multiple flowlines and control systems
Wellhead templates
Provide a base for the wellhead and the subsea tree. They ensure the stability and alignment of the wellhead equipment.
Satellite templates
Smaller templates used for single wells or in fields where wells are widely spaced. They offer a simpler, cost-effective solution for less complex field layouts.
Integrated templates
Combine the features of drilling, production, and manifold templates. They are used in advanced field developments where multiple operations are integrated into a single unit.
Satellite templates
Smaller templates used for single wells or in fields where wells are widely spaced. They offer a simpler, cost-effective solution for less complex field layouts.
Flowlines
Primarily used to transport production fluids from the subsea wellhead or subsea tree to nearby processing equipment, like a manifold or production platform
Pipelines
Used for longer-distance transportation of oil or gas, often from a manifold or processing facility to onshore terminals or storage facilities.
Flexible risers
Made of flexible, layered materials, these risers are used in dynamic applications, such as floating production systems. They accommodate movement and varying water depths.
Catenary Risers
Consist of a steel pipe laid in a catenary curve between the seabed and the surface. SCRs are commonly used with floating platforms due to their robustness and ability to withstand environmental loads.
Top Tension Risers
TTRs are vertically oriented and held under tension by the floating surface facility. Ideal for deepwater applications, they allow for direct vertical access to the well.
