Subsea Assets

Question 1

Vertical subsea Trees

Answer 1

These have a vertical orientation of the main valves. They are typically used for simpler well configurations and are easier to install and maintain. Suitable for applications where space constraints are not a major issue.

Question 2

Horizontal subsea trees

Answer 2

In these trees, the main valves are oriented horizontally. They allow easier access for intervention and are preferred for more complex well architectures. Often used in high-pressure and high-temperature wells.

Question 3

Dual bore subsea trees

Answer 3

These are designed with dual bores, allowing them to handle two flows simultaneously. Ideal for wells producing both oil and gas, where separate tubing is needed for each phase.

Question 4

Mono bore subsea trees

Answer 4

Feature a single bore and are used for simpler well designs. They are typically smaller and less expensive than dual bore trees.

Question 5

TFL (Through Flowline) Trees

Answer 5

Designed for operations where intervention and maintenance are conducted through a flowline. They are suitable for remote and deepwater applications.

Question 6

Subsea trees for intervention

Answer 6

Specifically designed to facilitate various intervention operations. They feature additional components and interfaces for intervention equipment

Question 7

Production manifolds

Answer 7

Collect and combine oil or gas from different wells for delivery to the production facility. They can also distribute injection fluids to wells

Question 8

Injection manifolds

Answer 8

Specifically designed for distributing injection fluids like water or gas into the reservoir to maintain pressure and enhance oil recovery.

Question 9

Drilling manifolds

Answer 9

Used during drilling operations to manage the flow of drilling mud, cuttings, and cement. They are essential for controlling well pressure.

Question 10

Choke manifolds

Answer 10

Control the flow and pressure of the produced fluids from the wells. Equipped with chokes and valves, they are crucial for safe and efficient production management.

Question 11

Pigging manifold

Answer 11

Facilitate the launching and receiving of pipeline inspection gauges or ‘pigs’ used for cleaning and inspection of pipelines.

Question 12

What are subsea trees (Christmas trees)

Answer 12

Equipment installed on top of a well to control the production of oil or gas.

Question 13

What are manifolds?

Answer 13

Devices that connect multiple subsea wells and help in managing the flow of production fluids.

Question 14

What are templates

Answer 14

Structures on the seabed that provide the foundation for subsea trees, manifolds, and other equipment.

Question 15

Why are flow lines and pipelines

Answer 15

Piping systems that transport oil and gas from the subsea wells to the surface facility or onshore

Question 16

What are umbilicals

Answer 16

Cables and hoses that supply power, chemicals, and hydraulic fluid to subsea equipment.

Question 17

What are compressors

Answer 17

Used for boosting the pressure of the produced fluids to ensure their steady flow to the surface.

Question 18

What are risers

Answer 18

Pipes that connect subsea systems to surface facilities, carrying produced fluids, injection fluids, or both

Question 19

What are jumpers

Answer 19

Short pipe sections used to connect subsea equipment like trees, manifolds, and risers.

Question 20

What are mooring systems

Answer 20

Used for anchoring floating structures like FPSOs (Floating Production Storage and Offloading vessels) and semi-submersibles.

Question 21

What are drilling templates

Answer 21

Serve as a guide for drilling multiple wells in a precise layout. They ensure the accurate positioning of wells and provide a stable platform for drilling operations.

Question 22

Production templates

Answer 22

Used to install and support subsea trees and manifolds. They facilitate the connection of multiple wells to the manifold and surface facilities.

Question 23

Manifold templates

Answer 23

Specifically designed to hold and support subsea manifolds. These templates allow for the efficient routing of multiple flowlines and control systems

Question 24

Wellhead templates

Answer 24

Provide a base for the wellhead and the subsea tree. They ensure the stability and alignment of the wellhead equipment.

Question 25

Satellite templates

Answer 25

Smaller templates used for single wells or in fields where wells are widely spaced. They offer a simpler, cost-effective solution for less complex field layouts.

Question 26

Integrated templates

Answer 26

Combine the features of drilling, production, and manifold templates. They are used in advanced field developments where multiple operations are integrated into a single unit.

Question 27

Satellite templates

Answer 27

Smaller templates used for single wells or in fields where wells are widely spaced. They offer a simpler, cost-effective solution for less complex field layouts.

Question 28

Flowlines

Answer 28

Primarily used to transport production fluids from the subsea wellhead or subsea tree to nearby processing equipment, like a manifold or production platform

Question 29

Pipelines

Answer 29

Used for longer-distance transportation of oil or gas, often from a manifold or processing facility to onshore terminals or storage facilities.

Question 30

Flexible risers

Answer 30

Made of flexible, layered materials, these risers are used in dynamic applications, such as floating production systems. They accommodate movement and varying water depths.

Question 31

Catenary Risers

Answer 31

Consist of a steel pipe laid in a catenary curve between the seabed and the surface. SCRs are commonly used with floating platforms due to their robustness and ability to withstand environmental loads.

Question 32

Top Tension Risers

Answer 32

TTRs are vertically oriented and held under tension by the floating surface facility. Ideal for deepwater applications, they allow for direct vertical access to the well.