Submandibular Triangle

Question 1

Describe the boundaries of the submandibular triangle.

Answer 1

Inferior border of the mandible

Anterior and Posterior bellies of the digastric mus.

Question 2

What is superficial to the submandibular triangle?

Answer 2

The platysma muscle and cervical fascia

Question 3

What are the general contents of the submandibular triangle?

Answer 3

Submandibular gland and duct
Submandibular Ganglion
Lingual and Hypoglossal Nerves
Facial Artery and Vein
Lymph nodes

Question 4

What is the relationship of the submandibular gland to the mylohyoid?

Answer 4

The superficial part of the submandibular gland lies superficial to the mylohyoid. It curves around the posterior free border to become the DEEP PART of the submandibular gland (deep to mylohyoid)

Question 5

What vessels lie superficial to the mylohyoid?

Answer 5

The Facial vein (superficial to submand. gland)

And Facial Artery (deep to submand. gland)

Question 6

What nerve lies between the anterior belly of the digastric muscle and the mylohyoid muscle and innervates them both?

Answer 6

The mylohyoid nerve (branch of V3 mandbibular)

Question 7

Name the origin, insertion, and innervation of the digastric muscle.

Answer 7

Ant Belly: Digastric fossa of mandible (origin), innervated by the Mylohyoid nerve (V3)

Post Belly: Mastoid process of temporal bone (origin) , innervated by the Facial Nerve (CNVII)

Common insertion: The Hyoid Bone via the Digastric Tendon

Question 8

What muscle runs parallel to the posterior belly of the digastric muscle, then splits the tendon? What innervates this muscle?

Answer 8

The stylohyoid muscle, innervated by Facial Nerve branches (CN VII)

Question 9

The mylohyoid muscle arises from the __________ and attaches to the _________ and __________.

Answer 9

Origin: Mylohyoid line of mandible
Insertion: Mylohyoid Raphe and the Hyoid bone

Question 10

what 3 muscles can you see deep to the mylohyoid?

Answer 10

Genioglossus, Geniohyoid, Hyoglossus

Question 11

Name the 4 supra hyoid muscles

Answer 11

Digastric
Mylohyoid
Stylohyoid
Geniohyoid

Question 12

Describe the path of the submandibular duct.

Answer 12

It exits the deep part of the sumbandibular gland, deep to the mylohyoid muscle. It runs anteriorly and medially, then terminates in the sublingual CARUNCLE.

Question 13

What is the little ligament on the bottom of your tongue called?

Answer 13

Frenulum

Question 14

What are the cavities on either side of the frenulum called>

Answer 14

Sublingual caruncles

Question 15

Name the 4 EXTRINSIC muscles of the tongue.

Answer 15

Genioglossus
Hyoglossus
Styloglossus
Palatoglossus

Question 16

All of the extrinsic AND intrinsic muscles of the tongue are innervated by the Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII) except for….

Answer 16

Palatoglossus, innervated by Pharyngeal branches of Vagus (CN X)

Question 17

True/False: Both the Lingual and Hypoglossal Nerve run superficial to the hyoglossus muscle.

Answer 17

TRUE

Question 18

Which is more superior as they run across the hyoglossus muscle? Lingual or Hypoglossal?

Answer 18

Lingual nerve is more superior.

Question 19

Describe the pathway of the lingual nerve.

Answer 19

It’s a branch of the Maxillary (V3) nerve, so it runs from the trigeminal ganglion. It follows the styloglossus muscle, against the medial surface of the mandible, superficial to the hyoglossus. It curves anteriorly by the deep part of the submandibular gland, then runs lateral, inferior, and finally medial to the submandibular duct before reaching the tongue.

Question 20

GSA fibers in the Lingual nerve provide general sensory to what areas? Where are the cell bodes located?

Answer 20

Cell bodies are in the Trigeminal Ganglion, and they supply GSA to Anterior 2/3 of tongue, floor of mouth, and lingual gingiva (gums)

Question 21

True/False: The Lingual Nerve only carries GSA fibers.

Answer 21

FALSE! Hitchhiker nerves from Facial (VII) run with it as well.

Trick question… the Lingual nerve itself is only GSA.

Question 22

What hitchhiker nerves run with the lingual nerve?

Answer 22

FACIAL NERVE ( CN VII )

SA from anterior 2/3 of tongue via Chorda Tympani branch (cell bodies in the GENICULATE ganglion)

Preganglionic Parasympathetic fibers that synapse with postganglionics in the submandibular ganglion. (preganglionic cell bodies in the CNS) Postganglionics supply parasympathetic innervation to the sublingual and submandibular glands.

Question 23

Describe the path of the Hypoglossal Nerve within the submandibular triangle.

Answer 23

Runs on the surface of the hyoglossus and genioglossus, inferior to the submandibular duct, to innervate all of the extrinsic and intrinsic tongue muscles except the palatoglossus.

Question 24

The lingual artery runs deep to what muscle in the submandibular triangle?

Answer 24

The hyoglossus muscle

Question 25

<p>

| The geniohyoid muscle is innervated by&hellip;..? What infra hyoid muscle is innervated by this nerve as well?</p>

Answer 25

<p>

| Branchesof C1 from the cervical plexus. Also innervate the thyrohyoid.</p>

Question 26

Contraction of the superior or inferior fibers of the genioglossus would protract (stick out) the tongue?

Answer 26

Inferior fibers.

Contraction of the superior fibers RETRACTS the tongue.

Question 27

What does the hyoglossus muscle do to the tongue?

Answer 27

Retract and flatten.

Question 28

THe submandibular ganglion is attached directly to what nerve?

Answer 28

Lingual

Question 29

Cell bodies of GSA fibers from the LINGUAL nerve are located in….?

Answer 29

The trigeminal (semilunar) ganglion

Question 30

What is the relationship of the facial artery/vein to the submandibular gland?

Answer 30

The Facial artery runs deep to the submandibular gland and the vein runs superficial.

Question 31

The lingual artery runs deep to what muscle?

Answer 31

Hyoglossus

Question 32

Cell bodies of the nerves that supply SA (taste) to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue are carried through what nerve? Where are the cell bodies located?

Answer 32

Chordae Tympani branch of VII.

Cell bodies (sensory) are in the GENICULATE ganglion.

Question 33

Sensory cell bodies running through the facial nerve (CN VII) are located in the _______ ganglion.

Answer 33

Geniculate

Question 34

Describe the parasympathetic innervation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue.

Answer 34

Pregnglionic parasympathetics - cell bodies in brainstem motor nuclei of VII. Travel with the chord tympani nerve. Postganglionic cell bodies in the submandibular ganglion.