Subarachnoid haemorrhage Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of subarachnoid haemorrhage

A

Arterial haemorrhage into the subarachnoid space

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2
Q

Most common aetiology of SAH

A

Rupture of aneurysm at base of brain (usually circle of Willis)

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3
Q

History of subarachnoid haemorrhage (4)

A

Sudden onset severe headache
Nausea, vomiting, neck stiffness
Photophobia
Decreased level of consciousness

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4
Q

Signs of increased ICP (3)

A

Papilloedema, III or IV nerve palsy

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5
Q

What does CT typically show in SAH? (3)

A

Hyperdense areas in base of skull; also may see intraparenchymal/intraventricular haemorrhage

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6
Q

How can ischaemia result from SAH? (2)

A

Vasospasm and reduced perfusion

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7
Q

Complications of SAH (3)

A

Obstructive hydrocephalus
Rebleeding
Vasospasm

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8
Q

Management of SAH (3)

A

Angiography to locate bleeding; surgical coiling/wrapping; nimodipine post-op (calcium blocker)

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9
Q

Where might blood be seen on CT (other than within basal structures and ventricles) (2)

A

Within the Sylvian fissures (lateral sulcus)

Interhemispheric fissure

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10
Q

When is a lumbar puncture performed in suspected SAH and what is it looking for?

A

after 12 hours; zanthochromia (yellow discolouration)

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