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GEOGRAPHY > Sub-Saharan Africa and central/South America > Flashcards

Sub-Saharan Africa and central/South America Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe and define the Sahel

A

Arid dominance. Large territories and small populations. Transition Zone (Savanna to Steppe/Desert, Arabic for coast

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2
Q

What is the most characteristic defining feature of Africa’s tropical savanna climate?

A

distinctive Wet/dry season

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3
Q

Over half of Sub-Saharan Africa’s land use is dedicated to ________&__________

A

pastoral-ism and subsistence agriculture

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4
Q

Who is know as “Africa’s greatest conservationist”? Why

A

Keystone species-Tsetse fly makes cattle very sick, limits where humans and cattle can go if the population of the flies are dense

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5
Q

Discuss the “Conference of Berlin.” What did the Europeans establish?

A

Dividing Africa up by partitioning peaceful tribes and put warring tribes together

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6
Q

When did the slave trade end in West Africa?

A

It hasn’t.

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7
Q

What are dirty, conflict, blood, and branded diamonds? What is the difference?

A

Money is used in support of conflict. Branded is the one that doesn’t come from a conflict area and that is the only one that the US will buy.

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8
Q

How did European colonialism sow the seeds for violence in much of Africa?

A

After the independence we supported the dictators, so not everyone has a voice. Still supporting civil strife.

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9
Q

Describe the conflict between Hutus and Tutsis. How do the two groups differ?

A

Tutsi (Pastoralist-owned cattle-wealthiest) Hutu-poor (Farmers) Colonial masters favored a different ethnic-tribe group over other. (Tutsi) Primary difference is economic.

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10
Q

What African country supplies China with most of its African oil?

A

Angola

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11
Q

Where do the pirates that prowl the Gulf of Aden and Indian Ocean originate?

A

Somalia

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12
Q

How did Liberia and Ethiopia remain independent during Europe’s colonization efforts?

A

because they partnered with foreign investors during colonization periods.

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13
Q

What are Afrikaners?

A

Dutch settlers called themselves this. Has become slang for all European white people.

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14
Q

Which East African country that had a thriving tourism industry, now struggles to keep it viable?

A

Wildlife poaching-Elephants and Rhinos

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15
Q

What is the lingua franca of East African countries

A

Swahili

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16
Q

How does the cultural population of the African Transition Zone differ from North to South?

A

North is Muslim and Arab and South is Christain

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17
Q

Why are the Namib & Kalahari (Botzwana) deserts located near the Tropic of Capricorn?

A

The aridity of these areas is due primarily to the general circulation of air around the earth.

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18
Q

Which Sub-Saharan nation is a member of OPEC?

A

Nigeria, Gabone, Angola

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19
Q

Discuss Madagascar’s unique fauna.

A

chameleons and lemurs

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20
Q

What is the primary reason for the division, which resulted in an independent South Sudan?

A

North Sudan-Arabized and Isalamized

South Sunda-African and Christian-Animist, newest country (2011)

21
Q

What is the name of West Africa’s terrorist group whose name means “Western Education is Sinful?”

A

Boko Haram

22
Q

What is the desertification?

A

When humans come in and doing over cutting and over grazing, changes the climate.

23
Q

Name and describe South Africa’s racist policy.

A

Apartheid- segregating the south

24
Q

What is called the “Curse of Africa?”

A

Corn, because of the high watering requirement

25
Q

What are most of the Lesser Antilles islands in the Caribbean Sea made from?

A

Volcanoes

26
Q

List and describe the altitudinal zonation of Latin America

A

From High to Low: Tierra Nevada, T. Helada, T. Fria, T. Templada, T. Caliente.

27
Q

What crop is considered the most economically important in the tierra templada?

A

coffee

28
Q

How would you characterize the majority of the Caribbean islands agriculturally?

A

plantation agriculture

29
Q

Which president negotiated the agreement that returned control of the Panama Canal to Panama?

A

Jimmy Carter

30
Q

Name the Central American country where English language has historically been dominant, but where the Spanish will eventually become the predominant language.

A

Belize

31
Q

______is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere and suffered a devastating 2010 earthquake.

A

Hati

32
Q

According to Figure 4B-2, Most of Mexico’s oil deposits are located along the coast of the _________.

A

Gulf of Mexico

33
Q

Define the term maquiladora

A

Mexico assembly factory-foreign owned factory that assembles duty free goods

34
Q

Tourism is an industry whose success is a mixed blessing for the Caribbean region. Why?

A

provides needed income to area but takes away income from smaller communities and changes community.
tourism-mixed blessing

35
Q

Compare and contrast Middle America’s “Mainland” and “Rimland.” In your comparison discuss “haciendas” and “plantations.”

A

Plantations on Mainland- Haciendas on rimland

36
Q

If you fly straight south from Chicago, over what countries in South America would you pass over?

A

none

37
Q

the Treaty of Tordesillas of 1494 stipulated that a north-south boundary was to be drawn separating what two countries territories?

A

Spain and Portugal

38
Q

What is moderating influence on the colder climate of west-central Bolivia?

A

Lake Titicacca

39
Q

What is the Pampa? Location?

A

In Argentina-Most populated territory-

40
Q

The leading agricultural activity of the Pampa region is the production of ____&______.

A

meat and grain

41
Q

What conditions cause the extreme aridity of Chile’s Atacama Desert?

A
  1. Andes mountain range cause a rain shadow.
  2. cold ocean current.
  3. Prevailing winds.
42
Q

Brazil has common borders with ever South American country except

A

Chile and Ecuadar

43
Q

Which country is the dominant economic force in South America?

A

Brazil

44
Q

What are the two landlocked countries of South America?

A

Bolivia and Paraguay

45
Q

Which South American country is the leading exporter of oil and a founding member of OPEC?

A

Venezuela

46
Q

Independent countries

A

Ethipoia and Liberia

47
Q

formed by America slaves

A

Liberia

48
Q

Oil

A

1 export of Nigeria

49
Q

What is the desert in S. America

A

Atacama

GEOGRAPHY (6 decks)

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