Sub-saharan africa Flashcards
africa is the ______ largest continent by both area and population
second
africa often appears (smaller/larger) due to map distortions
smaller
the sahara is the _____ largest desert in the world, including … above it
third; antarctic and arctic “deserts”
what expansion dominated north africa
islamic
what part of africa has the strongest Islamic influence
eastern coast, especially near the horn of africa
the horn of africa extends into what sea
arabian
the splitting of africa contributes to the formation of the african great lakes, including
lake victoria and tanganyika
what is the largest lake in africa by area?
lake victoria
the sahel is …
grassland/transition-zone that blends human and geographical characteristics
2 largest african language families
afro-asiatic (berber and arabic)
niger-congo (bantu)
one common Bantu language that is the lingua franca for much of africa
swahili
africans were sold into slavery as part of the ____ and ____ slave trades
atlantic; arab
the triangular trade consisted of…
sugar, tobacco, cotton to europe from america
textiles, rum and goods to africa from europe
slaves to america from africa
during the scramble for africa, the country went from _________ to ___________
imperialism; colonialism
in 1870, only __% of africa was under european control but by 1914, __% was under european control
10; 90
two areas/countries that weren’t under european control during the scramble for africa
ethiopia and liberia
mostly ______ controlled the west and ______ controlled the east of africa
french; british
who is the face of british colonialism in africa and what did he found?
cecil rhodes; DeBeers diamond company
who was the rebel leader that established Zimbabwe
robert mugabe
who was mugabe’s successor?
mnangagwa
zimbabwe consistently ranked poorly on measures of
corruption
what did the apartheid do in south africa and who overthrew it?
legalized racism; nelson mandela
what country is sub-saharian africa’s largest country by population and GDP? what contributes to this?
nigeria; large oil reserves in the gulf of guinea
rates of __________ in africa are very high (where do they rank in the world?)
urbanization; fastest in the world!
lagos has __ million people in its city
25
mega-cities
populations > 5 million
1994 rwandan genocide
1959-62: tutsi monarchy was replaced by hutu republic
1990: rwandan civil war
1994: hutu president was shot down by tutsi rebels
- hutus (majority) revolted against tutsi (minority)
- ~800,000 killed in state-ordered genocide, about 70% of all tutsi’s
- reignites civil war but tutsi’s win, hutu retreating to DRC
american troops withdrew from _____ in march 1994; “no national interest”
somalia
congo is fomerly a colony of ______
belgium
who was overthrown in the first congo war
mobutu sese seko
congo wars/”great african war”
substantial ethnic violence, hundreds of thousands dead
second congo war (1998-2003)
Kabila, after taking power in first war, expels uganda and rwanda militaries, and they respond by backing insurgents against him resulting in assassination
conflict continues with M23/march 23 movement as valuable resources at stake in eastern congo
conflict minerals/diamonds
referring to conflicts near ivory coast around materials such as coltan, cobalt, tin, gold, diamonds, etc.
what militant group from nigeria aligned with ISIS
Boko Haram
what militant group operates in somalia, kenya, and ethiopia and who’s raids and bombings killed dozens-hundreds each year
Al-Shabaab
what diseases are widespread in africa
HIV/AIDS
what may be the cause of a ethiopia-eritrea war?
border conflicts
what is the mean age of africa? how does it relate to the rest of the world?
18; young!
