STW2 Flashcards
The first Texas vineyard: when, where and by whom?
between 1662 and 1668 near El Paso by Fr. Garcia de San Francisco
What was the first wine grape used in Texas
Mission grape (aka Listan Prieto a Vitis vinifera variety) Native Americans had no tradition of wine making before the arrival of the Europeans.
What are the main synonyms of Listan Prieto?
Mainly related to Spanish conquests of the Americas: Mission, Misión, Criolla Chica, Pais, Palomina Negra, El Paso
According to Russ Kane, what is the lowest rated Bordeaux red grape for Texas viticulture? Why?
Malbec, early budding
According to Russ Kane, what is the lowest rated Mediterranean red grape for Texas viticulture? Why?
Sangiovese, early budding
According to Russ Kane, what are the highest rated Mediterranean red grapes for Texas viticulture?
Mourvedre, Tempranillo
What is the main challenge for Syrah in Texas viticulture?
wind and a resulting sail effect on the canopy that can pull down grapevines
According to Russ Kane, what are the highest rated Bordeaux grapes for Texas viticulture? Why?
Merlot and Cabernet Franc, better tolerance of heat
What is the main challenge for making Grenache wine in Texas?
grapes fail to impart color in the vinification process
According to Russ Kane, what is the main approach to hedge variable viticulture yields?
use of blends
What are the highest rated Mediterranean white grapes for Texas viticulture?
Rousanne, Vermentino
What was the first V. vinifera grape cultivated in the US?
Listan Prieto (Near El Paso, ~1668, 100 years before California)
What is the striking aspect of Herbemont grape?
Black skin with clear juice
Name 5 hybrid grapes grown in Texas?
Blanc Du Bois, Hebemont, Jacquez, Norton, Lomanto
When was Listan Prieto first planted in the Rio Grande Valley? (on the Mexican side)
1629
What is the oldest active winery in North America?
Casa Madero in Parras, about 75 miles west of Monterrey (1597)
What grape product other than wine was widely produced in early Texas viniculture?
brandy
What were the main grapes used in early Texas viticulture?
Listan Prieto and then later Jacquez
What was the main impetus for the transition from Listan Prieto to Jacquez in Texas viticulture?
probably disease
What were the main reasons for the demise of early Texas viticulture by the early 1800’s?
disease, border/political disputes, water rights, Rio Grande floods
What was the main impetus for the revitalization of the Texas wine industry after 1835?
European immigration
How many varieties of Texas native grapes have been catalogued?
200, more than any other state
Who said “nature seems to have intended Texas for a vineyard to supply America with wines”?
Stephen F. Austin, used for recruitment of European immigrants
Where is Montague County?
100 miles NW of Dallas along the Oklahoma border in Texoma AVA
How many wineries were in Texas prior to prohibition in the early 1900’s?
about 30
What is the critical advantage of hybrid grapes over V. vinifera in Texas
Disease resistance
Name two German immigrants that pioneered Texas wine making in the late 1800’s.
John Berger (Bernardo Vineyard in Columbus county, between Sealy and Schulenburg) and Frank Laake (Oak Hill Vineyard in New Ulm, between Sealy and La Grange, 1878)
When was prohibition in effect in Texas?
Nationwide prohibition was in effect from 1920 to 1933, but prohibition started many years before that in some areas of Texas and is still the law in 17 counties (in contrast to California where there are no dry counties.)
What is the textbook orientation of vineyard rows? What variation is common in Texas?
The optimum textbook orientation of vineyard rows is north to south in order to maximize sunlight exposure on both the east and west sides of the canopy. In Texas orientation of rows with the prevalent wind direction can maximize production.
In the early 1800’s which wild Texas grapes were used to make wine?
V. rotundafolia (aka Muscadine) and V. mustangensis (aka Mustang).
How long is a Glassy Winged Sharpshooter (GWSS)?
½ to 1 inch
What is Cotton Root Rot?
Fungal soil-borne pathogen widely found in Texas esp. in alkaline soils
What is the most common symptom of Cotton Root Rot?
a sudden wilt and death of the infected vine; all of the leaves on the vine usually turn yellow and quickly become brown and dry.
What areas are at greatest risk for cotton root rot?
the calcareous soils of Central, South, and West Texas where soil pH is well above 7.
Are there chemical treatments for cotton root rot?
These options are a recent development. As a result of four years of research on control of CRR in winegrapes, a fungicide has been found to reduce losses caused by this deadly disease, TOPGUARD® Terra.
