Study Unit 1.2 Fibre Classification Flashcards
TFPIA
Textile Fibre Products Identification Act, usually referred to as TFPIA.
The TFPIA was introduced in the United States in 1960 and requires that the labels of all textile products must show (among other things) the fibre contents of the textile for quantities above 5%, both by fibre and generic (family) name.
Fibres have a generic name given on the basis of:
Fibres have a generic name, which is given on the basis of the chemical composition of the fibre.
Fibres with the same generic name meet certain specifications and will provide a similar level of performance.
Begins with a small letter.
Fibres have a trade name:
They also have a trade name, which manufacturers give to identify products.
Begins with a capital letter.
For example, Dacron®, Diolene®, Tergal® and Trevira® are all trade names for the manufactured fibre ‘polyester’, which is the generic name for these fibres.
In the TFPIA classification, fibres are divided into two main groups:
natural fibres and man-made or manufactured fibres.
Natural fibres
Natural fibres occur naturally in fibre form and are further sub-divided as protein fibres (fibres of animal origin), cellulosic fibres (fibres of plant origin) and mineral fibres (fibres of mineral origin).
Protein fibres include wool (from sheep), speciality hairs such as mohair (from angora goats) and fur such as angora (from angora rabbits).
Plant fibres are generally grouped according to which part of the plant they are obtained.
Manufactured fibres
Manufactured fibres are further sub-divided into three main groups: manufactured cellulosic fibres, manufactured non-cellulosic fibres and manufactured mineral fibres.
It is important to understand the main groups, sub-divisions and the generic names of the fibres.
Natural fibres consists of
Protein
Cellulosic
Mineral
Natural fibres consists of
Protein
Wool
Silk
Speciality Hair (Mohair)
Fur (Angora
Natural fibres consists of
Cellulosic
Seed (cotton)
Bast (Flax)
Leaf (Sisal)
Fruit (Coir)
Natural fibres consists of
Mineral
Asbestos
Manufactured fibres consists of
Cellulosic
Non-Cellulosic
Mineral
Manufactured fibres consists of
Cellulosic
Rayon
Acetate triacetate
Manufactured fibres consists of
Non- Cellulosic
Polyamide Polyester Acrylic Modacrylic Olifen (polyethylene, polypropylene) elastomeric (rubber, spandex)
Manufactured fibres consists of
Mineral
Glas
Metalic
