Study Unit 11: Elastomeric fibre: Elastane/Spandex

Question 1

Production

Answer 1

Spandex is a manufactured elastomeric fibre in which the fibre-forming substance is a long-chain synthetic polymer, at least 85% of which is a segmented polyurethane. Spandex was first produced by DuPont in 1958, and is known by the trade name of Lycra ®.
Polyurethane is used as a base during the production of spandex.

Question 2

Strenght

Answer 2

Like rubber, spandex is fairly weak

Question 3

Elasiticy recovery

Answer 3

It has poor strength; its advantage lies in its ability to be stretched from 500 to 700 per cent, with excellent recovery.

Question 4

Tear resistance and durability

Answer 4

Spandex has a greater tear resistance and durability compared to rubber.

Question 5

Moisture absorption

Answer 5

Spandex absorbs very little moisture but can be easily dyed.

Question 6

Heat resistance

Answer 6

The fibre will burn and form a gummy residue. It can be ironed safely at 149 oC.

Question 7

End Uses

Answer 7

It is used in swimsuits, foundation garments, bras, sock tops and hosiery. It increase shape retention and accelerates crease recovery in woven and knitted blend fabrics.

Question 8

Care

Answer 8

Spandex can be dry-cleaned, but like rubber, it is damaged by chlorine, so chlorine bleaches should never be used on it.