Study of one infectious disease Flashcards
What is HIV
human immunodeficiency virus, which caused Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
How does it spread?
exchange of bodily fluids
contaminated needles in intravenous drug use
contaminated blood transfusion
across the placenta during pregnancy
Distribution patterns of HIV
1970s- homosexual and drug communities
Sub-saharan Africa through heterosexual contact and mother-to-child transmission
1980s- travellers and in blood imported for transfusions.
Factors that helped spread the epidemic
Mobile populations- people travelling for work/pleasure
Lack of education on sex and hygeine
Problems with distribution of condoms, affording them and overcoming reluctiance among men to use them.
Why do high proportions of people die from AIDS?
Lack Antiretroviral drugs at affordable prices
Reluctance to be tested means that treatment is late.
Lack of rsistance to opportunisitic infections bease povert limits their diet.
Poor living conditions make people more vulnerable to dieases like TB.
How many people are living with HIV/AIDS worldwide?
Approximately 40million
What percentage of people with it are in Sub-Saharan Africa?
66%
What percentage of death from it occur in Sub-Saharan Africa?
70%
What is the life expectancy in Botswana becuase of it?
40
Why is it bad that it usually strikes mature adults?
at an age when they are potentially most productive, so their potential contribution to the economy is lost
What affect does it have on children, especially in empoverished nations?
Kids left orphaned are often unable to continue their education which reduces their productive value in the workforce.
How does it affect lifestyle?
loss of income earning opportunities for families.
Greater portion of income spent on medicine and care
withdrawal from school due to lack of money.
What is the primary reason LEDCs are more vulnerable?
cannot afford to provide the infastructure or resources to make health and education available ot everyone.
Other reasons LEDCs are more vulnerable
people may not have access to condoms
women may not be able to say no
Vicious cycle
women forcedto sell sex, unprotected leads to infection, treatment is expensive and testing is not widely available, untreated people die, more orphaned, family income drops, kids kept out of school, cycle continues, lack of education spreads.
